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Equilibrant force. In mechanics, an equilibrant force is a force which brings a body into mechanical equilibrium. [1] According to Newton's second law, a body has zero acceleration when the vector sum of all the forces acting upon it is zero: Therefore, an equilibrant force is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the resultant of all ...
Graphical placing of the resultant force. In physics and engineering, a resultant force is the single force and associated torque obtained by combining a system of forces and torques acting on a rigid body via vector addition. The defining feature of a resultant force, or resultant force-torque, is that it has the same effect on the rigid body ...
An object resting on a surface and the corresponding free body diagram showing the forces acting on the object. The normal force N is equal, opposite, and collinear to the gravitational force mg so the net force and moment is zero. Consequently, the object is in a state of static mechanical equilibrium. In classical mechanics, a particle is in ...
The parallelogram of forces is a method for solving (or visualizing) the results of applying two forces to an object. When more than two forces are involved, the geometry is no longer a parallelogram, but the same principles apply to a polygon of forces. The resultant force due to the application of a number of forces can be found geometrically ...
Reaction (physics) As described by the third of Newton's laws of motion of classical mechanics, all forces occur in pairs such that if one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts an equal and opposite reaction force on the first. [1][2] The third law is also more generally stated as: "To every action there is ...
Hydrostatic equilibrium, the state of a system in which compression due to gravity is balanced by a pressure gradient force. Hyperbolic equilibrium point, a mathematical concept in physics. Mechanical equilibrium, the state in which the sum of the forces, and torque, on each particle of the system is zero. Radiative equilibrium, the state where ...
Statical indeterminacy, however, is the existence of a non-trivial (non-zero) solution to the homogeneous system of equilibrium equations. It indicates the possibility of self-stress (stress in the absence of an external load) that may be induced by mechanical or thermal action. Mathematically, this requires a stiffness matrix to have full rank.
Exact solutions of classical central-force problems. In the classical central-force problem of classical mechanics, some potential energy functions produce motions or orbits that can be expressed in terms of well-known functions, such as the trigonometric functions and elliptic functions. This article describes these functions and the ...