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  2. M'Naghten rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M'Naghten_rules

    The House of Lords delivered the following exposition of the rules: . the jurors ought to be told in all cases that every man is to be presumed to be sane, and to possess a sufficient degree of reason to be responsible for his crimes, until the contrary be proved to their satisfaction; and that to establish a defence on the ground of insanity, it must be clearly proved that, at the time of the ...

  3. Two-level utilitarianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-level_utilitarianism

    For example, rule utilitarianism was criticized for implying that in some cases an individual should pursue a course of action that would obviously not maximise utility. Conversely, act utilitarianism was criticized for not allowing for a 'human element' in its calculations, i.e. it is sometimes too difficult (or impossible) for an ordinary person.

  4. Thompson's construction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thompson's_construction

    In computer science, Thompson's construction algorithm, also called the McNaughton–Yamada–Thompson algorithm, [1] is a method of transforming a regular expression into an equivalent nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA). [2] This NFA can be used to match strings against the regular expression. This algorithm is credited to Ken Thompson.

  5. Daniel M'Naghten - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_M'Naghten

    Daniel M'Naghten. Photographed by Henry Hering c 1856. Daniel M'Naghten (sometimes spelt McNaughtan or McNaughton; 1813 – 3 May 1865) was a Scottish woodturner who assassinated English civil servant Edward Drummond while suffering from paranoid delusions.

  6. Edward Macnaghten, Baron Macnaghten - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Macnaghten,_Baron...

    British South Africa Co v Companhia de Moçambique [1893] AC 602 – the House of Lords overturned a Court of Appeal decision and by so doing established the Mozambique rule, a common law rule in private international law that renders actions relating to title in foreign land, the right to possession of foreign land, and trespass to foreign land non-justiciable in common law jurisdictions.

  7. ALI rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALI_rule

    The ALI rule is: "(1) A person is not responsible for criminal conduct if at the time of such conduct as a result of mental disease or defect he lacks substantial capacity either to appreciate the criminality of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of the law.

  8. PCB NC formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCB_NC_formats

    The IPC-NC-349 format is the only IPC standard governing drill and routing formats. [5] XNC is a strict subset of IPC-NC-349, Excellon a big superset. Many indefinite NC files pick some elements of the IPC standard. [1] A digital rights managed copy of the specification is available from the IPC website, for a fee.

  9. Calculator input methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator_input_methods

    The simplest example given by Thimbleby of a possible problem when using an immediate-execution calculator is 4 × (−5). As a written formula the value of this is −20 because the minus sign is intended to indicate a negative number, rather than a subtraction, and this is the way that it would be interpreted by a formula calculator.