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  2. Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide

    Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Diovan HCT among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure when valsartan is not sufficient. [6] It is a combination of valsartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker with hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic. [7] It is taken by mouth. [7] Common side effects include dizziness and ...

  3. Valsartan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsartan

    Valsartan, sold under the brand name Diovan among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. [8] It belongs to a class of medications referred to as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. [8] It is taken by mouth. [8]

  4. Hydrochlorothiazide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrochlorothiazide

    Hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hydrodiuril among others, is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and swelling due to fluid build-up. [4] Other uses include treating diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis and to decrease the risk of kidney stones in those with a high calcium level in the urine. [4]

  5. Osteoporosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoporosis

    The US National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends pharmacologic treatment for patients with hip or spine fracture thought to be related to osteoporosis, those with BMD 2.5 SD or more below the young normal mean (T-score -2.5 or below), and those with BMD between 1 and 2.5 SD below normal mean whose 10-year risk, using FRAX, for hip fracture is ...

  6. Bisphosphonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphosphonate

    Long-term treatment with bisphosphonates produces anti-fracture and bone mineral density effects that persist for 3–5 years after an initial 3–5 years of treatment. [2] The bisphosphonate alendronate reduces the risk of hip, vertebral, and wrist fractures by 35-39%; zoledronate reduces the risk of hip fractures by 38% and of vertebral ...

  7. Senile osteoporosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senile_osteoporosis

    Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. [1]

  8. Idiopathic hypercalcinuria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_hypercalcinuria

    IH can predispose individuals to osteopenia or osteoporosis, [2] and affects the entire body. IH arises due to faulty calcium homeostasis , a closely monitored process, where slight deviations in calcium transport in the intestines, blood, and bone can lead to excessive calcium excretion, bone mineral density loss, or kidney stone formation.

  9. Steroid-induced osteoporosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid-induced_osteoporosis

    Steroid-induced osteoporosis is osteoporosis arising from the use of glucocorticoids (a class of steroid hormones) analogous to Cushing's syndrome but involving mainly the axial skeleton. The synthetic glucocorticoid prescription drug prednisone is a main candidate after prolonged intake.