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A Z-parameter matrix describes the behaviour of any linear electrical network that can be regarded as a black box with a number of ports.A port in this context is a pair of electrical terminals carrying equal and opposite currents into and out-of the network, and having a particular voltage between them.
Applying the transmission line model based on the telegrapher's equations as derived below, [1] [2] the general expression for the characteristic impedance of a transmission line is: = + + where R {\displaystyle R} is the resistance per unit length, considering the two conductors to be in series ,
Impedance (Z) parameter may defines by applying a fixed current into one port (I1) of a transmission line with the other port open and measuring the resulting voltage on each port (V1, V2) [8] [9] and computing the impedance parameter Z11 is V1/I1, and the impedance parameter Z12 is V2/I1. Since transmission lines are electrically passive and ...
Equivalent circuit of an unbalanced transmission line (such as coaxial cable) where: 2/Z o is the trans-admittance of VCCS (Voltage Controlled Current Source), x is the length of transmission line, Z(s) ≡ Z o (s) is the characteristic impedance, T(s) is the propagation function, γ(s) is the propagation "constant", s ≡ j ω, and j 2 ≡ −1.
Approximated model for Short Transmission Line Phasor diagram of short transmission line. The transmission lines which have a length less than 60 km are generally referred to as short transmission lines. For its short length, parameters like electrical resistance, impedance and inductance of these short lines are assumed to be lumped.
z-parameters, or Impedance parameters, are one set from the family of parameters that define a two-port network, with input and output values defined by I 1, I 2, V 1 and V 2, [12]: 254 [25]: 29 as shown in the figure. Two-port Network. Equations defining network behaviour in terms of z-parameters are
Equivalent circuit of a transmission line for the calculation of Z 0 from the primary line constants. The characteristic impedance of a transmission line, , is defined as the impedance looking into an infinitely long line. Such a line will never return a reflection since the incident wave will never reach the end to be reflected.
The Smith chart (sometimes also called Smith diagram, Mizuhashi chart (水橋チャート), Mizuhashi–Smith chart (水橋スミスチャート), [1] [2] [3] Volpert–Smith chart (Диаграмма Вольперта—Смита) [4] [5] or Mizuhashi–Volpert–Smith chart), is a graphical calculator or nomogram designed for electrical and electronics engineers specializing in radio ...