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Multiple chemical sensitivity ( MCS) is an unrecognized and controversial diagnosis characterized by chronic symptoms attributed to exposure to low levels of commonly used chemicals. [1] [2] Symptoms are typically vague and non-specific. They may include fatigue, headaches, nausea, and dizziness. Although these symptoms can be debilitating, the ...
Allergic rhinitis, of which the seasonal type is called hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose that occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air. [ 6] Signs and symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, and watery eyes, and swelling around the eyes. [ 1] The fluid from the nose is usually clear ...
Rhinitis is very common. Allergic rhinitis is more common in some countries than others; in the United States, about 10–30% of adults are affected annually. [12] Mixed rhinitis (MR) refers to patients with nonallergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis. MR is a specific rhinitis subtype. It may represent between 50 and 70% of all AR patients.
Common [10] Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are various conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. [11] These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis. [1]
Atopy. Atopy is the tendency to produce an exaggerated immunoglobulin E (IgE) immune response to otherwise harmless substances in the environment. [2] Allergic diseases are clinical manifestations of such inappropriate, atopic responses. [2] Atopy may have a hereditary component, although contact with the allergen or irritant must occur before ...
Dermatology. Contact dermatitis is a type of acute or chronic inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to chemical or physical agents. [ 1] Symptoms of contact dermatitis can include itchy or dry skin, a red rash, bumps, blisters, or swelling. These rashes are not contagious or life-threatening, but can be very uncomfortable.
Skin prick test: pricking the skin with a needle or pin containing a small amount of the allergen. [2] Skin scratch test: a deep dermic scratch is performed with help of the blunt bottom of a lancet. [3] Intradermic test: a tiny quantity of allergen is injected under the dermis with a hypodermic syringe. Skin scrape Test: a superficial scrape ...
Allergic contact dermatitis ( ACD) is a form of contact dermatitis that is the manifestation of an allergic response caused by contact with a substance; the other type being irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). Although less common than ICD, ACD is accepted to be the most prevalent form of immunotoxicity found in humans. [1]