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  2. Scanning tunneling microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope

    A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a type of scanning probe microscope used for imaging surfaces at the atomic level. Its development in 1981 earned its inventors, Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer, then at IBM Zürich, the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986.

  3. Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM): Principle, Instrumentation,...

    scienceinfo.com/scanning-tunneling-microscope

    The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) developed by Dr. Gerd Binnig and his colleagues in 1981 at the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Ruschlikon, Switzerland, is the first instrument capable of directly obtaining three-dimensional (3D) images of solid surfaces with atomic resolution.

  4. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM): An Overview - Oxford...

    afm.oxinst.com/modes/scanning-tunneling-microscopy-stm

    What is Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)? Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, or STM, is an imaging technique used to obtain ultra-high resolution images at the atomic scale, without using light or electron beams. STM was invented in 1981 by two IBM scientists named Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer.

  5. Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) | Britannica

    www.britannica.com/technology/scanning-tunneling-microscope

    Scanning tunneling microscope (STM), type of microscope whose principle of operation is based on the quantum mechanical phenomenon known as tunneling, in which the wavelike properties of electrons permit them to “tunnel” beyond the surface of a solid into regions of space that are forbidden to them.

  6. Scanning Tunneling Microscope Introduction | NIST

    www.nist.gov/pml/scanning-tunneling-microscope/scanning-tunneling-microscope...

    The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is widely used in both industrial and fundamental research to obtain atomic-scale images of metal surfaces. It provides a three-dimensional profile of the surface which is very useful for characterizing surface roughness, observing surface defects, and determining the size and conformation of molecules ...

  7. 40 years of scanning tunnelling microscopy - Nature

    www.nature.com/articles/s42254-022-00462-2

    Binnig and his colleague Heinrich Rohrer at IBM invented the scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) in 1982, for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986. The STM works by...

  8. 8.3: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy - Chemistry LibreTexts

    chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Physical_Methods_in...

    Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a relatively recent imaging technology that has proven very useful for determining the topography of conducting and semiconducting samples with angstrom (Å) level precision.

  9. Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy | SpringerLink

    link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-37089-3_2

    An introduction is given into scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), where a small tunneling current is measured between probing tip and sample. Various operation modes, such as constant tunneling and constant height modes as well as tunneling spectroscopy, are...

  10. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy - SpringerLink

    link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-94-017-9780-1_45

    A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a device for imaging surfaces with atomic resolution. In STM, a sharp metallic tip is scanned over a conductive sample at distances of a few Å while applying a voltage between them.

  11. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Explained - Atomic-Level ... -...

    www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology-glossary/scanning-tunneling-microscopy.php

    Definition: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) is a powerful nanoscale imaging technique capable of providing atomic-level resolution of surface structures. By utilizing the quantum mechanical phenomenon of electron tunneling, STM allows for the direct observation of individual atoms and molecules on a material's surface, making it a ...