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To use Unicode in certain email header fields, e.g. subject lines, sender and recipient names, the Unicode text has to be encoded using a MIME "Encoded-Word" with a Unicode encoding as the charset. To use Unicode in domain part of email addresses, IDNA encoding must traditionally be used. Alternatively, SMTPUTF8 [3] allows the use of UTF-8 ...
Quoted-Printable, or QP encoding, is a binary-to-text encoding system using printable ASCII characters (alphanumeric and the equals sign =) to transmit 8-bit data over a 7-bit data path or, generally, over a medium which is not 8-bit clean. Historically, because of the wide range of systems and protocols that could be used to transfer messages ...
Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard, [note 1] is a text encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text in all of the world's writing systems that can be digitized. Version 16.0 of the standard [A] defines 154 998 characters and 168 scripts [3] used in various ordinary, literary, academic, and ...
Originally, ARPANET, UUCP, and Internet SMTP email allowed 7-bit ASCII text only. Text files were emailed by including them in the message body. In the mid 1980s text files could be grouped with UNIX tools such as bundle [1] [2] and shar (shell archive) [3] and included in email message bodies, allowing them to be unpacked on remote UNIX systems with a single shell command.
International email, by contrast, uses Unicode characters encoded as UTF-8 —allowing for the encoding the text of addresses in most of the world's writing systems. [4] The following are all valid international email addresses: 用户@例子.广告 (Chinese, Unicode) ಬೆಂಬಲ@ಡೇಟಾಮೇಲ್.ಭಾರತ (Kannada, Unicode)
Email header fields can be multi-line, with each line recommended to be no more than 78 characters, although the limit is 998 characters. [37] Header fields defined by RFC 5322 contain only US-ASCII characters; for encoding characters in other sets, a syntax specified in RFC 2047 may be used. [ 38 ]
MIME. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) is a standard that extends the format of email messages to support text in character sets other than ASCII, as well as attachments of audio, video, images, and application programs. Message bodies may consist of multiple parts, and header information may be specified in non-ASCII character sets.
e. The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is an Internet standard communication protocol for electronic mail transmission. Mail servers and other message transfer agents use SMTP to send and receive mail messages. User-level email clients typically use SMTP only for sending messages to a mail server for relaying, and typically submit outgoing ...