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Actinium-225 is part of the 4n +1 chain (the neptunium series). Actinium-225 has a half-life of 10 days and decays by alpha emission. It is part of the neptunium series, for it arises as a decay product of neptunium-237 and its daughters such as uranium-233 and thorium-229. It is the last nuclide in the chain with a half-life over a day until ...
Actinium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ac and atomic number 89. It was first isolated by Friedrich Oskar Giesel in 1902, who gave it the name emanium; the element got its name by being wrongly identified with a substance André-Louis Debierne found in 1899 and called actinium. The actinide series, a set of 15 elements between actinium ...
Some α emitting isotopes such as 225 Ac and 213 Bi are only available in limited quantities from 229 Th decay, although cyclotron production is feasible. [9] [10] [11] Among alpha-emitting radiometals according to availability, chelation chemistry, and half-life, 212 Pb is also a promising candidate for targeted alpha-therapy.
Radium-223 (223 Ra, Ra-223) is an isotope of radium with an 11.4-day half-life. It was discovered in 1905 by T. Godlewski, [ 2 ][ 3 ][ 4 ] a Polish chemist from Kraków, and was historically known as actinium X (AcX). [ 5 ][ 6 ] Radium-223 dichloride is an alpha particle-emitting radiotherapy drug that mimics calcium and forms complexes with ...
Protactinium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pa and atomic number 91. It is a dense, radioactive, silvery-gray actinide metal which readily reacts with oxygen, water vapor, and inorganic acids. It forms various chemical compounds, in which protactinium is usually present in the oxidation state +5, but it can also assume +4 and even +3 or ...
In medicine, proton therapy, or proton radiotherapy, is a type of particle therapy that uses a beam of protons to irradiate diseased tissue, most often to treat cancer.The chief advantage of proton therapy over other types of external beam radiotherapy is that the dose of protons is deposited over a narrow range of depth; hence in minimal entry, exit, or scattered radiation dose to healthy ...
A set of radioimmunotherapy drugs that rely upon an alpha-emitting isotope (e.g., bismuth-213 or, preferably, actinium-225), rather than a beta emitter, as the killing source of radiation is being developed. Several phase II clinical trials for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia have been carried out using alpha-emitting RITs. [10] [11]
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