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  2. Elementary charge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_charge

    The elementary charge, usually denoted by e, is a fundamental physical constant, defined as the electric charge carried by a single proton or, equivalently, the magnitude of the negative electric charge carried by a single electron, which has charge −1 e. [2][a] In the SI system of units, the value of the elementary charge is exactly defined ...

  3. Coulomb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb

    The coulomb (symbol: C) is the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI). [1][2] It is equal to the electric charge delivered by a 1 ampere current in 1 second and is defined in terms of the elementary charge e, at about 6.241 509 × 1018 e. [2][1]

  4. Electric charge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_charge

    The value for elementary charge, when expressed in SI units, is exactly 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C. [1] After discovering the quantized character of charge, in 1891, George Stoney proposed the unit 'electron' for this fundamental unit of electrical charge. J. J. Thomson subsequently discovered the particle that we now call the electron in 1897.

  5. Fine-structure constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-structure_constant

    It is a dimensionless quantity, independent of the system of units used, which is related to the strength of the coupling of an elementary charge e with the electromagnetic field, by the formula 4πε 0 ħcα = e 2. Its numerical value is approximately 0.007 297 352 5643 ≈ ⁠ 1 / 137.035 999 177 ⁠, with a relative uncertainty of 1.6 × 10 ...

  6. Atomic units - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_units

    Atomic units. The atomic units are a system of natural units of measurement that is especially convenient for calculations in atomic physics and related scientific fields, such as computational chemistry and atomic spectroscopy. They were originally suggested and named by the physicist Douglas Hartree. [1]

  7. Faraday constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_constant

    Related to the Faraday constant is the "faraday", a unit of electrical charge. Its use is much less common than of the coulomb, but is sometimes used in electrochemistry. [4] One faraday of charge is the charge of one mole of elementary charges (or of negative one mole of electrons), that is, 1 faraday = F × 1 mol = 9.648 533 212 331 001 84 × ...

  8. SI base unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SI_base_unit

    "The ampere, symbol A, is the SI unit of electric current. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the elementary charge e to be 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 when expressed in the unit C, which is equal to A s, where the second is defined in terms of ∆ν Cs." [1]

  9. Ampere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere

    As of the 2019 revision of the SI, the ampere is defined by fixing the elementary charge e to be exactly 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C, [6] [9] which means an ampere is an electric current equivalent to 10 19 elementary charges moving every 1.602 176 634 seconds or 6.241 509 074 × 10 18 elementary charges moving in a second.

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