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Particle-particle scattering theory is important in areas such as particle physics, atomic, molecular, and optical physics, nuclear physics and astrophysics. In particle physics the quantum interaction and scattering of fundamental particles is described by the Scattering Matrix or S-Matrix , introduced and developed by John Archibald Wheeler ...
Multiple-scattering effects of light scattering by particles are treated by radiative transfer techniques (see, e.g. atmospheric radiative transfer codes). The relative size of a scattering particle is defined by its size parameter x, which is the ratio of its characteristic dimension to its wavelength:
In scattering theory, the S-matrix is an operator mapping free particle in-states to free particle out-states (scattering channels) in the Heisenberg picture. This is very useful because often we cannot describe the interaction (at least, not the most interesting ones) exactly.
Mie theory has been used in the detection of oil concentration in polluted water. [30] [31] Mie scattering is the primary method of sizing single sonoluminescing bubbles of air in water [32] [33] [34] and is valid for cavities in materials, as well as particles in materials, as long as the surrounding material is essentially non-absorbing.
Differential and total scattering cross sections are among the most important measurable quantities in nuclear, atomic, and particle physics. With light scattering off of a particle, the cross section specifies the amount of optical power scattered from light of a given irradiance (power per area). Although the cross section has the same units ...
The scattering amplitude can thus be thought of as the volume of a certain polytope, the positive Grassmannian, in momentum twistor space. [1] When the volume of the amplituhedron is calculated in the planar limit of N = 4 D = 4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory, it describes the scattering amplitudes of particles described by this theory. [1]
Rayleigh scattering results from the electric polarizability of the particles. The oscillating electric field of a light wave acts on the charges within a particle, causing them to move at the same frequency. The particle, therefore, becomes a small radiating dipole whose radiation we see as scattered light.
In principle, any particle should be described by a wave packet, but we instead describe the scattering of a plane wave traveling along the z axis, since wave packets can be expanded in terms of plane waves, and this is mathematically simpler. Because the beam is switched on for times long compared to the time of interaction of the ...