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The main types of RNA therapeutics are those based on messenger RNA (mRNA), antisense RNA (asRNA), RNA interference (RNAi), and RNA aptamers. Of the four types, mRNA-based therapy is the only type which is based on triggering synthesis of proteins within cells, making it particularly useful in vaccine development. [ 3 ]
The second frame codes for an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (and its helper proteins) which replicates the mRNA construct in the cell. This allows smaller vaccine doses. [ 100 ] The mechanisms and consequently the evaluation of self-amplifying mRNA may be different, as self-amplifying mRNA is a much bigger molecule.
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School: 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Montagnier, Luc: 1932-2022 Pasteur Institute: 1986 Lasker Award, 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Moore, Peter: born 1939 Yale University: National Academy of Sciences (US) Nirenberg, Marshall: 1927–2010 National Institutes of Health (USA)
Small RNA that is activated by SgrR in Escherichia coli during glucose-phosphate stress shRNA: short hairpin RNA - siRNA: small interfering RNA - SL RNA spliced leader RNA multiple families: SmY RNA: mRNA trans-splicing RF01844: Small nuclear RNAs found in some species of nematode worms, thought to be involved in mRNA trans-splicing snoRNA ...
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are nucleic acids.
Katalin "Kati" Karikó (Hungarian: Karikó Katalin, pronounced [ˈkɒrikoː ˌkɒtɒlin]; born 17 January 1955) is a Hungarian-American [2] biochemist who specializes in ribonucleic acid ()-mediated mechanisms, particularly in vitro-transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA) for protein replacement therapy. [3]
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV or hMPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Pneumoviridae and is closely related to the avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) subgroup C. It was isolated for the first time in 2001 in the Netherlands by using the RAP-PCR (RNA arbitrarily primed PCR ) technique for the identification of unknown viruses ...
Antisense oligonucleotides can be used to target a specific, complementary (coding or non-coding) RNA. If binding takes place this hybrid can be degraded by the enzyme RNase H. [12] RNase H is an enzyme that hydrolyzes RNA, and when used in an antisense oligonucleotide application results in 80-95% down-regulation of mRNA expression. [6]