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While the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and Finland (from 1919 to 2000) exemplified early semi-presidential systems, the term "semi-presidential" was first introduced in 1959 in an article by the journalist Hubert Beuve-Méry [5] and popularized by a 1978 work written by the political scientist Maurice Duverger. [6]
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The 1946 constitution adopted a semi-presidential system similar to the French constitution; it allowed for multiple parties to participate in elections. According to the 1946 constitution, the president of the republic, was the head of government, rather than a ceremonial head of state.
An elected constituent assembly including representatives of all the branches of the military decided to switch the nation's system of government to a semi-presidential system. Military rule initially failed to provide much stability however, as internal conflicts and political inexperience caused various factions of the army to launch coups ...
In full presidential systems and parliamentary systems with a constitutional presidency, the president is elected independently of the legislature. There are several methods in which to do this, including the plurality system and the two-round system. Whilst these methods use the popular vote, not all presidents are chosen in this way.
Semi-presidential republic: Executive president is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature Assembly-independent republic : Head of government (president or directory) is elected by the legislature, but is not accountable to it
The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam; less formally the Vietnamese Government or the Government of Vietnam, Vietnamese: Chính phủ Việt Nam) is the cabinet and the central executive body of the state administration of Vietnam.
Semi-presidential republic From the plural form : This is a redirect from a plural noun to its singular form. This redirect link is used for convenience; it is often preferable to add the plural directly after the link (for example, [[link]]s ).