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In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, the line graph of an undirected graph G is another graph L(G) that represents the adjacencies between edges of G. L(G) is constructed in the following way: for each edge in G, make a vertex in L(G); for every two edges in G that have a vertex in common, make an edge between their corresponding vertices in L(G).
Colonic crypts (intestinal glands) within four tissue sections. In panel A, the bar shows 100 μm and allows an estimate of the frequency of crypts in the colonic epithelium. Panel B includes three crypts in cross-section, each with one segment deficient for CCOI expression and at least one crypt, on the right side, undergoing fission into two ...
Crypts are anatomical structures that are narrow but deep invaginations into a larger structure. One common type of anatomical crypt is the Crypts of Lieberkühn. [1] However, it is not the only type: some types of tonsils also have crypts. Because these crypts allow external access to the deep portions of the tonsils, these tonsils are more ...
In mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of vertices (also called nodes or points ) which are connected by edges (also called arcs , links or lines ).
Line chart showing the population of the town of Pushkin, Saint Petersburg from 1800 to 2010, measured at various intervals. A line chart or line graph, also known as curve chart, [1] is a type of chart that displays information as a series of data points called 'markers' connected by straight line segments. [2]
The shift graph , is the line-graph of the complete graph in the following way: Consider the numbers from to ordered on the line and draw line segments between every pair of numbers. Every line segment corresponds to the 2 {\displaystyle 2} -tuple of its first and last number which are exactly the vertices of G n , 2 {\displaystyle G_{n,2}} .
quasi-line graph A quasi-line graph or locally co-bipartite graph is a graph in which the open neighborhood of every vertex can be partitioned into two cliques. These graphs are always claw-free and they include as a special case the line graphs. They are used in the structure theory of claw-free graphs. quasi-random graph sequence
Symmetry breaking in pitchfork bifurcation as the parameter ε is varied. ε = 0 is the case of symmetric pitchfork bifurcation.. In a dynamical system such as ¨ + (;) + =, which is structurally stable when , if a bifurcation diagram is plotted, treating as the bifurcation parameter, but for different values of , the case = is the symmetric pitchfork bifurcation.