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A research spin-off is a company that falls into at least one of the four following categories: [1] Companies that have an Equity investment from a national library or university; Companies that license technology from a public research institute or university; Companies that consider a university or public sector employee to have been a founder
The Internet is a specific example of a government spin-off resulting from DARPA funding. [1] [2] In some fields, such as computer hardware, private sector development has outpaced government and military research, and the government procures commercial off-the-shelf products for many applications. [3]
University spin-offs (also known as university spin-outs) [1] [2] are companies that transform technological inventions developed from university research that are likely to remain unexploited otherwise. [3] They are a subcategory of research spin-offs. Prominent examples of university spin-offs are Genentech, Crucell, Lycos and Plastic Logic.
NASA spin-off technologies are commercial products and services which have been developed with the help of NASA, through research and development contracts, such as Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) or STTR awards, licensing of NASA patents, use of NASA facilities, technical assistance from NASA personnel, or data from NASA research.
Government spin-off, civilian goods which are the result of military or governmental research NASA spin-off, a spin-off of technology that has been commercialized through NASA funding, research, licensing, facilities, or assistance; Research spin-off, a company founded on the findings of a research group at a university University spin-off, a ...
The history of technology transfer is intimately linked with the history of the science policy of the United States.The foundation for modern American science policy laid way out in Vannevar Bush's letter in response to President Roosevelt's query about whether the US should maintain the high level of research funding it had been pouring into the Office of Scientific Research and Development ...
SRI formally separated from Stanford University in 1970 and became known as SRI International in 1977. SRI performs client-sponsored research and development for government agencies, commercial businesses, and private foundations. It also licenses its technologies, [3] forms strategic partnerships, sells products, [4] and creates spin-off ...
NASA states that among the many spin-off technologies that have come out of the space exploration program, there have been notable advancements in the fields of health and medicine, transportation, public safety, consumer goods, energy and environment, information technology, and industrial productivity. [3]