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Informal learning is characterized "by a low degree of planning and organizing in terms of the learning context, learning support, learning time, and learning objectives". [2] It differs from formal learning , non-formal learning , and self-regulated learning , because it has no set objective in terms of learning outcomes, but an intent to act ...
Non-formal learning includes various structured learning situations which do not either have the level of curriculum, syllabus, accreditation and certification associated with 'formal learning', but have more structure than that associated with 'informal learning', which typically take place naturally and spontaneously as part of other activities.
Informal education is a general term for education that can occur outside of a traditional lecture or school based learning systems. [1] The term even include customized-learning based on individual student interests within a curriculum inside a regular classroom, but is not limited to that setting. [ 1 ]
For the learner, informal learning is most often an experience of happenstance, and not a deliberately planned experience. Thus this does not require enrollment into any class. Unlike formal learning, informal learning typically does not lead to accreditation. [54] Informal learning begins to unfold as the learner ponders his or her situation.
Non-formal education also follows a structured approach but occurs outside the formal schooling system, while informal education entails unstructured learning through daily experiences. Formal and non-formal education are categorized into levels, including early childhood education, primary education, secondary education, and tertiary education.
Many researchers have specifically this type of education in mind and some define it explicitly as the discipline investigating the methods of teaching and learning in a formal setting, like schools. [12] [2] But in its widest sense, it encompasses many other forms as well, including informal and non-formal education. [4] [13] [14]
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Other informal learning theories look at the sources of motivation for learning. Intrinsic motivation may create a more self-regulated learner, [66] yet schools undermine intrinsic motivation. Critics argue that the average student learning in isolation performs significantly less well than those learning with collaboration and mediation. [67]