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Zinc has an electron configuration of [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 and is a member of the group 12 of the periodic table. It is a moderately reactive metal and strong reducing agent. [48] The surface of the pure metal tarnishes quickly, eventually forming a protective passivating layer of the basic zinc carbonate, Zn 5 (OH) 6 (CO 3)
Zinc is bluish-white and lustrous, [9] though most common commercial grades of the metal have a dull finish. [10] Zinc is also referred to in nonscientific contexts as spelter. [11] Cadmium is soft, malleable, ductile, and with a bluish-white color. Mercury is a liquid, heavy, silvery-white metal.
As an approximate rule, electron configurations are given by the Aufbau principle and the Madelung rule. However there are numerous exceptions; for example the lightest exception is chromium, which would be predicted to have the configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 4 4s 2 , written as [Ar] 3d 4 4s 2 , but whose actual configuration given ...
Atomic number (Z): 30: Group: group 12: Period: period 4: Block d-block Electron configuration [] 3d 10 4sElectrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 2: Physical properties; Phase ...
Configurations of elements 109 and above are not available. Predictions from reliable sources have been used for these elements. Grayed out electron numbers indicate subshells filled to their maximum. Bracketed noble gas symbols on the left represent inner configurations that are the same in each period. Written out, these are: He, 2, helium : 1s 2
This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z).. Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.
In each term of an electron configuration, n is the positive integer that precedes each orbital letter (helium's electron configuration is 1s 2, therefore n = 1, and the orbital contains two electrons). An atom's nth electron shell can accommodate 2n 2 electrons. For example, the first shell can accommodate two electrons, the second shell eight ...
For example, it predicts Zinc has a configuration of [Ar] 4s 2 3d 10. However, Zinc's 4s electrons actually have more energy than the 3d electrons, putting them outside the d shell. Ordered in terms of energy, the electron configuration of Zinc is [Ar] 3d 10 4s 2. (see: the n+ℓ energy ordering rule)