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  2. For loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_loop

    The loop counter is used to decide when the loop should terminate and for the program flow to continue to the next instruction after the loop. A common identifier naming convention is for the loop counter to use the variable names i, j, and k (and so on if needed), where i would be the most outer loop, j the next inner loop, etc. The reverse ...

  3. Increment and decrement operators - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Increment_and_decrement...

    Several other languages use inc(x) and dec(x) functions. The increment operator increases, and the decrement operator decreases, the value of its operand by 1. The operand must have an arithmetic or pointer data type, and must refer to a modifiable data object. Pointers values are increased (or decreased) by an amount that makes them point to ...

  4. While loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/While_loop

    Dim counter As Integer = 5 ' init variable and set value Dim factorial As Integer = 1 ' initialize factorial variable Do While counter > 0 factorial = factorial * counter counter = counter-1 Loop ' program goes here, until counter = 0 'Debug.Print factorial ' Console.WriteLine(factorial) in Visual Basic .NET

  5. Foreach loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreach_loop

    In computer programming, foreach loop (or for-each loop) is a control flow statement for traversing items in a collection. foreach is usually used in place of a standard for loop statement.

  6. Compare-and-swap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compare-and-swap

    As an example use case of compare-and-swap, here is an algorithm for atomically incrementing or decrementing an integer. This is useful in a variety of applications that use counters. The function add performs the action *p ← *p + a, atomically (again denoting pointer indirection by *, as in C) and returns the final value stored in the counter.

  7. List of C++ multiple precision arithmetic libraries - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_C++_multiple...

    The following is an incomplete list of some arbitrary-precision arithmetic libraries for C++. GMP [1] [nb 1] MPFR [3] MPIR [4] TTMath [5] Arbitrary Precision Math C++ ...

  8. Counting sort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counting_sort

    The simplicity of the counting sort algorithm and its use of the easily parallelizable prefix sum primitive also make it usable in more fine-grained parallel algorithms. [7] As described, counting sort is not an in-place algorithm; even disregarding the count array, it needs separate input and output arrays. It is possible to modify the ...

  9. Associative containers (C++) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_containers_(C++)

    In C++, associative containers are a group of class templates in the standard library of the C++ programming language that implement ordered associative arrays. [1] Being templates , they can be used to store arbitrary elements, such as integers or custom classes.