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The cerebral peduncles (In Latin, ped-means 'foot'.) are the two stalks that attach the cerebrum to the brainstem. [1] They are structures at the front of the midbrain which arise from the ventral pons and contain the large ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts that run to and from the cerebrum from the pons.
Most famous parts of the brain highlighted in different colours The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies. Functional , connective , and developmental regions are listed in parentheses where appropriate.
In cingulate or subfalcine herniation, the most common type, the innermost part of the frontal lobe is scraped under part of the falx cerebri, the dura mater at the top of the head between the two hemispheres of the brain. [8] [13] Cingulate herniation can be caused when one hemisphere swells and pushes the cingulate gyrus by the falx cerebri. [7]
The midbrain is the shortest segment of the brainstem, measuring less than 2cm in length. It is situated mostly in the posterior cranial fossa, with its superior part extending above the tentorial notch. [2] The principal regions of the midbrain are the tectum, the cerebral aqueduct, tegmentum, and the cerebral peduncles.
Inferior cerebellar peduncle is a thick rope-like strand that occupies the upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata. The peduncles form the lateral border of the fourth ventricle , and form a distinctive diamond – the middle peduncle forming the central corners of the diamond, while the superior and inferior peduncles ...
The interpeduncular cistern (or basal cistern [1]) is the subarachnoid cistern situated between the dorsum sellae (anteriorly) [2] and the two cerebral peduncles [1] [3] [2] at the front of the midbrain. [3] Its roof is represented by the floor of the third ventricle (i.e. posterior perforated substance, and the two mammillary bodies).
The inferior cerebellar peduncle is the smallest of the three cerebellar peduncles. The upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata is occupied by the inferior cerebellar peduncle, a thick rope-like strand situated between the lower part of the fourth ventricle and the roots of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.
The tegmentum which forms the floor of the midbrain, is ventral to the cerebral aqueduct. Several nuclei, tracts, and the reticular formation are contained here. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is composed of paired cerebral peduncles. These transmit axons of upper motor neurons.