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It is a rigid type of support or connection. The application of the fixed support is beneficial when we can only use single support, and people most widely used this type as the only support for a cantilever. [7] They are common in beam-to-column connections of moment-resisting steel frames and beam, column and slab connections in concrete frames.
Box houses (boxed house, box frame, [16] box and strip, [17] piano box, single-wall, board and batten, and many other names) have minimal framing in the corners and widely spaced in the exterior walls, but like the vertical plank wall houses, the vertical boards are structural. [18] The origins of boxed construction is unknown.
In traditional stilt houses, wood is a prevalent structural material used to manufacture the stilts. This is usually from a local lumber source, with many traditional stilt houses in Asia using bamboo for structural support. [8] In modern homes, concrete and steel are often used as construction material for the structural stilts in houses.
Also, other structural practices were added to later buildings, such as placing horizontal bond beams to transfer structural loads to the adobe roof. The extension of vigas some feet outside of the wall is a standard practice. This was used for the creation of portales or covered porches.
The beam and base method of underpinning is a more technically advanced adaptation of traditional mass concrete underpinning. A reinforced concrete beam is constructed below, above or in replacement of the existing footing. The beam then transfers the load of the building to mass concrete bases, which are constructed at designed strategic ...
A reinforced concrete column is extended by having the steel reinforcing bars protrude a few inches or feet above the top of the concrete, then placing the next level of reinforcing bars to overlap, and pouring the concrete of the next level. A steel column is extended by welding or bolting splice plates on the flanges and webs or walls of the ...
The purlins are the large beams perpendicular to the rafters; from this shot, it appears that there are three purlins on either side of the roof. The sheathing boards are sometimes called the roof deck and are painted white. A purlin (or historically purline, purloyne, purling, perling) is a longitudinal, horizontal, structural member in a roof.
Traditional bond beams in the stone walls of an old house in the Çaykara village of Trabzon province, Turkey. A bond beam is a horizontal structural element, usually found as an embedded part of a masonry wall assembly. The bond beam serves to impart horizontal strength to a wall where it may not otherwise be braced by floor or roof structure.
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