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Pringle contributed in the past thirty years many key results to accretion disk theory, and wrote the classic 1981 review that for many years was the main source of information about accretion disks, and is still very useful today. Simulation by J.A. Marck of optical appearance of Schwarzschild black hole with thin (Keplerian) disk
The radiation from the accretion disc excites cold atomic material close to the black hole and this in turn radiates at particular emission lines. A large fraction of the AGN's radiation may be obscured by interstellar gas and dust close to the accretion disc, but (in a steady-state situation) this will be re-radiated at some other waveband ...
The double-burst variability is thought to result from the smaller black hole punching through the accretion disc of the larger black hole twice in every 12 years. [5] A secondary black hole orbits the larger one with an observed orbital period of approximately 12 years and a calculated eccentricity of approximately 0.65. [4]
It has also been suggested that some ultraluminous X-ray sources may be the accretion disks of intermediate-mass black holes. [185] Stars have been observed to get torn apart by tidal forces in the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes in galaxy nuclei, in what is known as a tidal disruption event (TDE). Some of the material from the ...
The supermassive black hole at the core of Messier 87, here shown by an image by the Event Horizon Telescope, is among the black holes in this list.. This is an ordered list of the most massive black holes so far discovered (and probable candidates), measured in units of solar masses (M ☉), approximately 2 × 10 30 kilograms.
An artist's conception of a supermassive black hole surrounded by an accretion disk and emitting a relativistic jet. The origin of supermassive black holes remains an active field of research. Astrophysicists agree that black holes can grow by accretion of matter and by merging with other black holes.
Cygnus X-1 (abbreviated Cyg X-1) [11] is a galactic X-ray source in the constellation Cygnus and was the first such source widely accepted to be a black hole. [12] [13] It was discovered in 1964 during a rocket flight and is one of the strongest X-ray sources detectable from Earth, producing a peak X-ray flux density of 2.3 × 10 −23 W/(m 2 ⋅Hz) (2.3 × 10 3 jansky).
Gravitational collapse is a fundamental mechanism for structure formation in the universe. Over time an initial, relatively smooth distribution of matter, after sufficient accretion, may collapse to form pockets of higher density, such as stars or black holes.