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Hardware and software ("firmware"), built into the camera, measures luminance of the subject and automatically sets shutter speed, lens aperture or sensitivity; this also allows the camera to set the aperture for manual lenses fixed with an AE chip. [4] AE-L or AEL: Automatic exposure lock. Technology for holding an exposure setting from one ...
In indoor shots, the key is commonly a specialized lamp, or a camera's flash. In outdoor daytime shots, the Sun often serves as the key light. In this case, of course, the photographer cannot set the light in the exact position they want, so instead arranges the shot to best capture the sunlight, perhaps after waiting for the sun to position ...
On a number of cameras this is the default or standard setting. The camera measures the light intensity in several points in the scene and then combines the results to find the setting for the best exposure. The method of calculation can be different from camera to camera. The actual number of zones used varies widely, from several to over a ...
Detail of front of Kodak Retina Ib 35mm camera (c. 1954) showing the EV setting ring that couples aperture and shutter speed settings A Kodak Pony II camera (1957–1962) with exposure value setting ring. This camera has a fixed shutter speed, so the "EXP VALUE" ring simply sets the aperture.
Some cameras provide options for fine-tuning settings such as sharpness and saturation, which may be referred to as "Styles" or "Films". Some cameras offer color-altering settings to do things such as make the photograph black-and-white or sepia, swap specific colors, or isolate colors.
Sunlit subject shot on a digital camera set to ISO 100, exposed at f/8 at 1/400 second which is the same exposure value as f/16 for 1/100 second, the recommended "sunny 16" exposure In photography, the sunny 16 rule (also known as the sunny f /16 rule ) is a method of estimating correct daylight exposures without a light meter .
Digital cameras usually have variable ISO settings that provide additional flexibility. Exposure is a combination of the length of time and the illuminance at the photosensitive material. Exposure time is controlled in a camera by shutter speed, and the illuminance depends on the lens aperture and the scene luminance. Slower shutter speeds ...
Butterfly lighting, named for the butterfly-shaped shadow under the nose, the butterfly lighting pattern is created when the light is above and in line with the camera. Split lighting, where the main light is placed off to the side of the subject at about 90 degrees and positioned at face height or slightly above. The subject looks straight on ...