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A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent magnetic field. An everyday example is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door. Materials that can be magnetized, which are also the ones that are strongly attracted to a magnet, are called ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic).
For example, this temporary magnetization inside a steel plate accounts for the plate's attraction to a magnet. Whether or not that steel plate then acquires permanent magnetization depends on both the strength of the applied field and on the coercivity of that particular piece of steel (which varies with the steel's chemical composition and ...
The magnetic field of all the turns of wire passes through the center of the coil, creating a strong magnetic field there. [2] A coil forming the shape of a straight tube (a helix) is called a solenoid. [1] [2] The direction of the magnetic field through a coil of wire can be found from a form of the right-hand rule.
Plate from a 16 T Bitter magnet, 40 cm diameter, made of copper. In operation it carries a current of 20 kiloamperes. Bitter magnets are constructed of circular conducting metal plates (known as Bitter plates) and insulating spacers stacked in a helical configuration, rather than coils of wire. The current flows in a helical path through the ...
Electropermanent magnets made with powerful rare-earth magnets are used as industrial lifting (tractive) magnets to lift heavy ferrous metal objects; when the object reaches its destination the magnet can be switched off, releasing the object. Programmable magnets are also being researched as a means of creating self-building structures. [2] [3]
The greater forces exerted by rare-earth magnets create hazards that may not occur with other types of magnet. Neodymium magnets larger than a few cubic centimeters are strong enough to cause injuries to body parts pinched between two magnets, or a magnet and a ferrous metal surface, even causing broken bones. [45]
A pair of European satellites rocketed into orbit Thursday on the first mission to create artificial solar eclipses through fancy formation flying in space. “We are a very happy science team ...
The shape of the magnet was originally created as a replacement for the bar magnet as it makes the magnetic field stronger for a magnet of comparable strength. [5] A horseshoe magnet is stronger because both poles of the magnet are closer to each other and in the same plane which allows the magnetic lines of flux to flow along a more direct path between the poles and concentrates the magnetic ...