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2. Receptor (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)

   Receptors of a particular type are linked to specific cellular biochemical pathways that correspond to the signal. While numerous receptors are found in most cells, each receptor will only bind with ligands of a particular structure. This has been analogously compared to how locks will only accept specifically shaped keys. When a ligand binds ...

3. Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoreceptor_tyrosine...

   ITAMs are important for signal transduction, mainly in immune cells. They are found in the cytoplasmic tails of non-catalytic tyrosine-phosphorylated receptors [7] such as the CD3 and ζ-chains of the T cell receptor complex, the CD79-alpha and -beta chains of the B cell receptor complex, and certain Fc receptors.

4. Free fatty acid receptor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_fatty_acid_receptor

   GPR84 binds and is activated by medium-chain fatty acids consisting of 9 to 14 carbon atoms such as capric, undecaenoic, and lauric acids. [21] [22] It has been recognized as a possible member of the free fatty acid receptor family in some publications [23] but has not yet been given this designation perhaps because these medium-chain fatty acid activators require very high concentrations (e.g ...

5. G12/G13 alpha subunits - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G12/G13_alpha_subunits

   G protein alpha subunits bind to guanine nucleotides and function in a regulatory cycle, and are active when bound to GTP but inactive and associated with the G beta-gamma complex when bound to GDP. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] G 12 /G 13 are not targets of pertussis toxin or cholera toxin , as are other classes of G protein alpha subunits.

6. Hill equation (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_equation_(biochemistry)

   In biochemistry and pharmacology, the Hill equation refers to two closely related equations that reflect the binding of ligands to macromolecules, as a function of the ligand concentration. A ligand is "a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose", and a macromolecule is a very large molecule, such as a ...

7. Thyroid hormone receptor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormone_receptor

   The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) [1] is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding thyroid hormone. [2] TRs act as transcription factors, ultimately affecting the regulation of gene transcription and translation. These receptors also have non-genomic effects that lead to second messenger activation, and corresponding cellular ...

8. Cell surface receptor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_surface_receptor

   Membrane receptors are mainly divided by structure and function into 3 classes: The ion channel linked receptor; The enzyme-linked receptor; and The G protein-coupled receptor. Ion channel linked receptors have ion channels for anions and cations, and constitute a large family of multipass transmembrane proteins.

9. Receptor–ligand kinetics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor–ligand_kinetics

   Receptor–ligand binding kinetics also involves the on- and off-rates of binding. A main goal of receptor–ligand kinetics is to determine the concentrations of the various kinetic species (i.e., the states of the receptor and ligand) at all times, from a given set of initial concentrations and a given set of rate constants.