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The social function of communication is to maintain equilibrium in the social system by keeping the different orientations in balance. [103] In Newcomb's words, communication enables "two or more individuals to maintain simultaneous orientation to each other and towards objects of the external environment". [98]
The communication skills required for successful communication are different for source and receiver. For the source, this includes the ability to express oneself or to encode the message in an accessible way. [8] Communication starts with a specific purpose and encoding skills are necessary to express this purpose in the form of a message.
The four-sides model (also known as communication square or four-ears model) is a communication model postulated in 1981 by German psychologist Friedemann Schulz von Thun. According to this model every message has four facets though not the same emphasis might be put on each.
Communication theories vary substantially in their epistemology, and articulating this philosophical commitment is part of the theorizing process. [1] Although the various epistemic positions used in communication theories can vary, one categorization scheme distinguishes among interpretive empirical, metric empirical or post-positivist, rhetorical, and critical epistemologies. [13]
Additionally, these systems are based on responses and interpretations, and the meaning interpreted by individuals via communication [6] This theory is based on interaction between two or more individuals, with unlike perspectives [7] The significance of having unlike perspectives is that it enables a distinctive standpoint: it permits the ...
Defensive behaviors are carried out when a person feels threatened during communication and hence the need to defend him or herself. [1] Supportive communication is important as humans interact, as people need to feel a connection with other people. [2] Gibb believes that there are times and places when to use his methods of communication.
Since the introduction of co-cultural theory in "Laying the foundation for co-cultural communication theory: An inductive approach to studying "non-dominant" communication strategies and the factors that influence them" (1996), Orbe has published two works describing the theory and its use as well as several studies on communication patterns and strategies based on different co-cultural groups.
The Shannon–Weaver model of communication has been influential in various fields, including communication theory and information theory. Many later theorists have built their own models on its insights. However, it is often criticized based on the claim that it oversimplifies communication.