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The Cantor set is a meagre set (or a set of first category) as a subset of [0,1] (although not as a subset of itself, since it is a Baire space). The Cantor set thus demonstrates that notions of "size" in terms of cardinality, measure, and (Baire) category need not coincide.
Cantor's article is short, less than four and a half pages. [A] It begins with a discussion of the real algebraic numbers and a statement of his first theorem: The set of real algebraic numbers can be put into one-to-one correspondence with the set of positive integers. [3]
Cantor's theorem and its proof are closely related to two paradoxes of set theory. Cantor's paradox is the name given to a contradiction following from Cantor's theorem together with the assumption that there is a set containing all sets, the universal set. In order to distinguish this paradox from the next one discussed below, it is important ...
This theorem is proved using Cantor's first uncountability proof, which differs from the more familiar proof using his diagonal argument. Cantor introduced fundamental constructions in set theory, such as the power set of a set A, which is the set of all possible subsets of A.
Cantor's set theory was controversial at the start, but later became largely accepted. Most modern mathematics textbooks implicitly use Cantor's views on mathematical infinity . For example, a line is generally presented as the infinite set of its points, and it is commonly taught that there are more real numbers than rational numbers (see ...
Cantor's diagonal argument (among various similar names [note 1]) is a mathematical proof that there are infinite sets which cannot be put into one-to-one correspondence with the infinite set of natural numbers – informally, that there are sets which in some sense contain more elements than there are positive integers.
Axiom of power set; Boolean-valued model; Burali-Forti paradox; Cantor's back-and-forth method; Cantor's diagonal argument; Cantor's first uncountability proof; Cantor's paradox; Cantor's theorem; Cantor–Bernstein–Schroeder theorem; Cardinal number. Aleph number; Beth number; Hartogs number; Cardinality; Cartesian product; Class (set theory ...
Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp Cantor (/ ˈ k æ n t ɔːr / KAN-tor; German: [ˈɡeːɔʁk ˈfɛʁdinant ˈluːtvɪç ˈfiːlɪp ˈkantoːɐ̯]; 3 March [O.S. 19 February] 1845 – 6 January 1918 [1]) was a mathematician who played a pivotal role in the creation of set theory, which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.