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A waitress at a restaurant is expected to do emotional labor, such as smiling and expressing positive emotion towards customers. The sociologist Arlie Hochschild provided the first definition of emotional labor, which is displaying certain emotions to meet the requirements of a job. [1]
Hochschild draws on the work of sociologist Erving Goffman as well as labor scholar Harry Braverman to discuss the dramaturgical demands and emotional labor entailed by jobs in the service sector, in which workers must "perform" certain roles that entail abiding by certain feeling rules (e.g. "friendly and dependable"). She notes that women are ...
By contrast, emotional labor has exchange value because it is traded and performed for a wage. [5] In a later development, Hochschild distinguished between two broad types of emotion work, and among three techniques of emotion work. [6]
What Is Emotional Labor?The term emotional labor was first coined by sociologist Arlie Hochschild in her 1983 book on the topic, The Managed Heart . Hochschild’s...
Originally coined by sociologist Arlie Hochschild in her 1983 book "The Managed Heart," the term emotional labor refers to paid work that involves managing -- and sometimes suppressing -- your own ...
The book is an expansion on theoretical concepts that Hochschild first described in 1979. [2] Using Goffman's dramaturgical theory, she describes how different social situations have different emotional norms. When a person's feelings do not fit the norms of the situation, people engage in practices to bring them into agreement through a ...
Arlie Russell Hochschild (/ ˈ h oʊ k ʃ ɪ l d /; born January 15, 1940) is an American professor emeritus of sociology at the University of California, Berkeley [1] and writer. Hochschild has long focused on the human emotions that underlie moral beliefs, practices, and social life generally.
LA Post shares insights from a UCLA study about Gen Z's desire for kindness and safety in the post COVID-19 world.