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French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China), [a] [b] officially known as the Indochinese Union [c] [d] and after 1941 as the Indochinese Federation, [e] was a group of French dependent territories in Southeast Asia from 1887 to 1954.
Hanoi was the capital and the administrative center for French Indochina for most of the colonial period (from 1902 to 1945). The French colonial architectural style became dominant, [ 113 ] and many examples remain today: tree-lined boulevards (such as Phan Dinh Phung street, Hoang Dieu street and Tran Phu street) and many villas, mansions ...
Đà Lạt at Lâm Đồng Province during French colonial era as summer capital of Indochinese Federation, existed along with Hanoi capital; Việt Bắc at northern Vietnam during First Indochina War as Việt Minh's headquarter and de facto capital of Democratic Republic of Vietnam, existed along with de jure Hanoi capital
1886 map of Indochina, from the Scottish Geographical Magazine. In Indian sources, the earliest name connected with Southeast Asia is Yāvadvīpa []. [1] Another possible early name of mainland Southeast Asia was Suvarṇabhūmi ("land of gold"), [1] [2] a toponym, that appears in many ancient Indian literary sources and Buddhist texts, [3] but which, along with Suvarṇadvīpa ("island" or ...
Hanoi became the capital of French Indochina in 1902 replacing Saigon.Earlier activities to mark the change included a festival on 26 February 1902 attended by emperor Thành Thái and the governor general Paul Doumer [1] and the opening of the Paul Doumer Bridge (now Long Biên Bridge). [1]
When it was controlled by the French as the capital of Indochina (1885–1954), the Citadel of Hanoi was largely demolished to make the land for offices and barracks. Except for the North Gate and the Flag Tower, what remains of Hanoi citadel to this day is only an archaeological site and restored.
This was the name of the capital of the Lê dynasty (present-day Hanoi). Locally, Tonkin is nowadays known as miền Bắc, or Bắc Bộ, meaning 'Northern Region'. [citation needed] The name was used from 1883 to 1945 for the French protectorate of Tonkin (Vietnamese: Bắc Kỳ 北圻), a constituent territory of French Indochina. [citation ...
During French rule, Hanoi was made capital of Tonkin and, in 1901, of the whole French Indochina. Cities in Tonkin saw significant infrastructure and economic development under the French, such as the development of the port of Haiphong and construction of the Trans-Indochinois Railway linking Hanoi to Saigon. Under French economic plans, mines ...