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In logic, two propositions and are mutually exclusive if it is not logically possible for them to be true at the same time; that is, () is a tautology. To say that more than two propositions are mutually exclusive, depending on the context, means either 1. "() () is a tautology" (it is not logically possible for more than one proposition to be true) or 2. "() is a tautology" (it is not ...
The mutually exclusive event {5} has a probability of 1/6, and the event {1,2,3,4,5,6} has a probability of 1, that is, absolute certainty. When doing calculations using the outcomes of an experiment, it is necessary that all those elementary events have a number assigned to them.
Independence is a fundamental notion in probability theory, as in statistics and the theory of stochastic processes.Two events are independent, statistically independent, or stochastically independent [1] if, informally speaking, the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of occurrence of the other or, equivalently, does not affect the odds.
A probability is a way of assigning every event a value between zero and one, with the requirement that the event made up of all possible results (in our example, the event {1,2,3,4,5,6}) is assigned a value of one. To qualify as a probability, the assignment of values must satisfy the requirement that for any collection of mutually exclusive ...
Another example of events being collectively exhaustive and mutually exclusive at same time are, event "even" (2,4 or 6) and event "odd" (1,3 or 5) in a random experiment of rolling a six-sided die. These both events are mutually exclusive because even and odd outcome can never occur at same time. The union of both "even" and "odd" events give ...
Two events, A and B are said to be mutually exclusive or disjoint if the occurrence of one implies the non-occurrence of the other, i.e., their intersection is empty. This is a stronger condition than the probability of their intersection being zero. If A and B are disjoint events, then P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B). This extends to a (finite or ...
This can be represented mathematically as follows: If a random experiment can result in N mutually exclusive and equally likely outcomes and if N A of these outcomes result in the occurrence of the event A, the probability of A is defined by =. There are two clear limitations to the classical definition. [18]
The term law of total probability is sometimes taken to mean the law of alternatives, which is a special case of the law of total probability applying to discrete random variables. [ citation needed ] One author uses the terminology of the "Rule of Average Conditional Probabilities", [ 4 ] while another refers to it as the "continuous law of ...