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Fragments of the Wanradt–Koell Catechism (1535), the first book printed in Estonian. The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe.Human settlement in what is now Estonia became possible 13,000,000–11,000,000 years ago, after the ice from the last glacial era had melted, and signs of the first permanent population in the region date from around 9000 BC.
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth at its largest territorial extent, with southern Estonia part of it. During the 16th century, the expansionist monarchies of Muscovy, Sweden, and Poland–Lithuania consolidated power, posing a growing threat to decentralised Livonia weakened by disputes between cities, nobility, bishops, and the Order.
Estonia's greatest territorial extent ever, reached during its War of Independence, marked by the light blue line on the map. (from History of Estonia ) Image 29 The Estonian Army High Command in 1920 (from History of Estonia )
Medieval Livonia, or Terra Mariana, reached its greatest extent after the Saint George's Night Uprising (1343-1345), which forced Denmark to sell the Duchy of Estonia (northern Estonia conquered by Denmark in the 13th century) to the State of the Teutonic Order in 1346.
Estonia’s president formally appointed the Baltic country’s new government on Monday after lawmakers gave the green light to Prime Minister-designate Kristen Michal’s three-party coalition ...
The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR recognizes Estonian independence from the Soviet Union. 6 September: The Soviet Union recognizes the independence of the Baltic States. 1992: Estonia holds a referendum on its constitution. Heinrich Mark and the government in exile appointed by him cede their credentials to the newly elected Riigikogu. 20 June
The precise extent of either empire at its greatest territorial expansion is a matter of debate among scholars. Several empires in human history have been contenders for the largest of all time, depending on definition and mode of measurement. Possible ways of measuring size include area, population, economy, and power.
There are more than 1,400 natural and artificial lakes in Estonia. [2] The largest of them, Lake Peipus (3,555 km 2 or 1,373 sq mi), forms much of the border between Estonia and Russia. [2] Located in central Estonia, Võrtsjärv is the second-largest lake (270 km 2 or 104 sq mi). [2]