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  2. Scaling (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaling_(geometry)

    Each iteration of the Sierpinski triangle contains triangles related to the next iteration by a scale factor of 1/2. In affine geometry, uniform scaling (or isotropic scaling [1]) is a linear transformation that enlarges (increases) or shrinks (diminishes) objects by a scale factor that is the same in all directions (isotropically).

  3. Integral length scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral_length_scale

    Where is the integral time scale, L is the integral length scale, and () and () are the autocorrelation with respect to time and space respectively. In isotropic homogeneous turbulence, the integral length scale ℓ {\displaystyle \ell } is defined as the weighted average of the inverse wavenumber , i.e.,

  4. Computational lithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_lithography

    Optical proximity correction uses computational methods to counteract the effects of diffraction-related blurring and under-exposure by modifying on-mask geometries with means such as: adjusting linewidths depending on the density of surrounding geometries (a trace surrounded by a large open area will be over-exposed compared with the same ...

  5. Scale (map) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_(map)

    A conformal map has an isotropic scale factor. Conversely isotropic scale factors across the map imply a conformal projection. Isotropy of scale implies that small elements are stretched equally in all directions, that is the shape of a small element is preserved. This is the property of orthomorphism (from Greek 'right shape'). The ...

  6. Scale space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_space

    [4] [31] [18] [19] [50] In addition to variabilities over scale, which original scale-space theory was designed to handle, this generalized scale-space theory [19] also comprises other types of variabilities caused by geometric transformations in the image formation process, including variations in viewing direction approximated by local affine ...

  7. Structural similarity index measure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_similarity...

    The complex wavelet transform variant of the SSIM (CW-SSIM) is designed to deal with issues of image scaling, translation and rotation. Instead of giving low scores to images with such conditions, the CW-SSIM takes advantage of the complex wavelet transform and therefore yields higher scores to said images. The CW-SSIM is defined as follows:

  8. Scale (ratio) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_(ratio)

    Graphical scale bar in combination with a scale expressed as a ratio and a conversion help. The scale ratio of a model represents the proportional ratio of a linear dimension of the model to the same feature of the original. Examples include a 3-dimensional scale model of a building or the scale drawings of the elevations or plans of a building ...

  9. Pixel-art scaling algorithms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel-art_scaling_algorithms

    This makes it useful for scaling the details in faces, and in particular eyes. xBRZ is optimized for multi-core CPUs and 64-bit architectures and shows 40–60% better performance than HQx even when running on a single CPU core only. [citation needed] It supports scaling images with an alpha channel, and scaling by integer factors from 2× up ...