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  2. Heaven in Judaism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heaven_in_Judaism

    In the course of the 1st millennium CE, Jewish scholars [which?] developed an elaborate system of seven heavens, named: [5] [6] [7]. Vilon (Hebrew: וִילוֹן, Tiberian: Wīlōn, Curtain) [8] or Araphel (Hebrew: עֲרָפֶל, Tiberian: ʿĂrāp̄el, Thick Cloud): [9] The first heaven, governed by Archangel Gabriel, is the closest of heavenly realms to the Earth; it is also considered the ...

  3. Jewish eschatology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_eschatology

    Jewish eschatology is the area of Jewish theology concerned with events that will happen in the end of days and related concepts. This includes the ingathering of the exiled diaspora , the coming of the Jewish Messiah , the afterlife , and the resurrection of the dead .

  4. Jewish principles of faith - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_principles_of_faith

    Conservative Jews tend to believe that much of the Oral law is divinely inspired, while Reform and Reconstructionist Jews tend to view all of the Oral law as an entirely human creation. Traditionally, the Reform movement held that Jews were obliged to obey the ethical but not the ritual commandments of Scripture, although today many Reform Jews ...

  5. Heaven - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heaven

    Some believe in the possibility of a heaven on Earth in a world to come. Another belief is in an axis mundi or world tree which connects the heavens, the terrestrial world, and the underworld. In Indian religions , heaven is considered as Svargaloka , [ 1 ] and the soul is again subjected to rebirth in different living forms according to its ...

  6. Jews - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jews

    The Jews (Hebrew: יְהוּדִים ‎, ISO 259-2: Yehudim, Israeli pronunciation:), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group [14] and nation [15] originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah [16] and traditionally adhering to Judaism.

  7. Seven heavens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Heavens

    Daqua (دقناء): The sixth heaven is described as being composed of gold (alternatively garnets and rubies); Moses can be found here. [30] ʿAriba (عريبا): The seventh heaven, which borrows some concepts from its Jewish counterpart, is depicted as being composed of divine light incomprehensible to the mortal man (alternatively emerald).

  8. Jewish views on Jesus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_views_on_Jesus

    Adherents of Judaism do not believe that Jesus of Nazareth was the Messiah or Prophet nor do they believe he was the Son of God.In the Jewish perspective, it is believed that the way Christians see Jesus goes against monotheism, a belief in the absolute unity and singularity of God, which is central to Judaism; [1] Judaism sees the worship of a person as a form of idolatry, which is forbidden. [2]

  9. Third Heaven - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Heaven

    The early church fathers, many of whom were taught directly by the Apostles, spoke of three heavens.In the common parlance of the time, the atmosphere where birds fly was considered the first heaven, the space where the stars resided was regarded as the second heaven, and God's abode was deemed the third heaven.