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Metals in medicine are used in organic systems for diagnostic and treatment purposes. [1] Inorganic elements are also essential for organic life as cofactors in enzymes called metalloproteins . When metals are under or over-abundant in the body, equilibrium must be returned to its natural state via interventional and natural methods.
Nitric oxide is considered an anti anginal drug: It causes vasodilation, which can help with ischemic pain, known as angina, by decreasing the cardiac workload. By dilating (expanding) the arteries, nitric oxide drugs lower arterial pressure and left ventricular filling pressure. [ 91 ]
Metal ions and metallic compounds are often used in medical treatments and diagnoses. [18] Compounds containing metal ions can be used as medicine, such as lithium compounds and auranofin . [ 19 ] [ 20 ] Metal compounds and ions can also produce harmful effects on the body due to the toxicity of several types of metals. [ 18 ]
In biology and medicine, nitric oxide is however an important signalling molecule in nature and this fact is the basis of the most important applications of metal nitrosyls. The nitroprusside anion, [Fe(CN) 5 NO] 2− , a mixed nitrosyl cyano complex, has pharmaceutical applications as a slow release agent for NO.
Has no known biological role, but a variety of plants concentrate it from the soil, and it has a variety of uses in medicine. [11] Some compounds are toxic. In humans, barium ion affects the nervous system. [16] beryllium: 4: 2c: Has no known biological role, but has medical use in certain dental alloys [17] Toxic to humans, esp. via inhalation.
A metallopharmaceutical is a drug that contains a metal as an active ingredient. [1] [2] Most commonly metallopharmaceuticals are used as anticancer or antimicrobial agents. The efficiency of metallopharmaceuticals is crucially dependent on the respective trace metal binding forms. [3] Examples of metallopharmaceuticals include:
The medical uses of silver include its use in wound dressings, creams, and as an antibiotic coating on medical devices. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Wound dressings containing silver sulfadiazine or silver nanomaterials may be used to treat external infections.
Known as alpha alumina in materials science, and as alundum (in fused form) or aloxite [27] in mining and ceramic communities, aluminium oxide finds wide use. Annual global production of aluminium oxide in 2015 was approximately 115 million tonnes , over 90% of which was used in the manufacture of aluminium metal. [ 7 ]