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The Romance languages, also known as the Latin [2] or Neo-Latin [3] languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin. [4] They are the only extant subgroup of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family. The five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are:
Romance languages have a number of shared features across all languages: Romance languages are moderately inflecting, i.e. there is a moderately complex system of affixes (primarily suffixes) that are attached to word roots to convey grammatical information such as number, gender, person, tense, etc. Verbs have much more inflection than nouns.
Romance Philology is an academic journal, founded with the goal of exploring the breadth and depth of Romance languages. It covers a wide range of topics including late Latin, medieval literatures of the Romance languages, historical and general linguistics, and textual criticism. The journal, recognized for its prestigious contributions to the ...
Walter Scott describes romance as a "kindred term", [3] and many European languages do not distinguish between romance and novel: "a novel is le roman, der Roman, il romanzo". [4] There is a second type of romance, genre fiction love romances, where the primary focus is on love and marriage. [5]
Romance (prose fiction), a type of novel; Literature of Romanticism, a movement from the 18th century away from neoclassicism and emphasizing the imagination and emotions, with English Romanticism emphasizing sensibility, autobiography, external nature, melancholy, the primitive, the common man, and the remote. Literature in the Romance languages
The word "romance" is derived from the Latin adverb Romanice, meaning "in the vernacular," in reference to the languages Old French and Old Occitan. These languages were descendants of Latin, the language of the Romans. Evolutions of the word Romanice were used to refer first to the Romance languages and eventually also to the works composed in ...
By the 18th century, European languages—notably German, French and Slavic languages—were using the term "Roman" in the sense of the English word "novel", i.e. a work of popular narrative fiction. [23] This usage derived from the term "Romance languages", which referred to vernacular (or popular) language in contrast to formal Latin. [23]
The Romantic movement in English literature of the early 19th century has its roots in 18th-century poetry, the Gothic novel and the novel of sensibility. [6] [7] This includes the pre-Romantic graveyard poets from the 1740s, whose works are characterized by gloomy meditations on mortality, "skulls and coffins, epitaphs and worms". [8]