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The kinetic energy of a moving object is equal to the work required to bring it from rest to that speed, or the work the object can do while being brought to rest: net force × displacement = kinetic energy, i.e.,
The rest mass of an object is the total energy of all the parts, including kinetic energy, as observed from the center of momentum frame, and potential energy. The masses add up only if the constituents are at rest (as observed from the center of momentum frame) and do not attract or repel, so that they do not have any extra kinetic or ...
Rest energy (also called rest mass energy) is the energy associated with a particle's invariant mass. [2] [3] The rest energy of a particle is defined as: =, where is the speed of light in vacuum. [2] [3] [4] In general, only differences in energy have physical significance. [5]
He called it rest energy: energy which every massive body must possess even when being at rest. The amount of energy is directly proportional to the mass of the body: =, where m 0 is the rest mass of the body, c is the speed of light in vacuum, is the rest energy.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 6 February 2025. Law of physics and chemistry This article is about the law of conservation of energy in physics. For sustainable energy resources, see Energy conservation. Part of a series on Continuum mechanics J = − D d φ d x {\displaystyle J=-D{\frac {d\varphi }{dx}}} Fick's laws of diffusion Laws ...
Total energy is the sum of rest energy = and relativistic kinetic energy: = = + Invariant mass is mass measured in a center-of-momentum frame. For bodies or systems with zero momentum, it simplifies to the mass–energy equation E 0 = m 0 c 2 {\displaystyle E_{0}=m_{0}c^{2}} , where total energy in this case is equal to rest energy.
Total energy is an additive conserved quantity (for single observers) in systems and in reactions between particles, but rest mass (in the sense of being a sum of particle rest masses) may not be conserved through an event in which rest masses of particles are converted to other types of energy, such as kinetic energy.
Energy is a scalar quantity, and the mechanical energy of a system is the sum of the potential energy (which is measured by the position of the parts of the system) and the kinetic energy (which is also called the energy of motion): [1] [2] = +