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Cassino is located at the foot of Monte Cairo near the confluence of the Gari and Liri rivers. The city is best known as the site of the Abbey of Montecassino and the Battle of Monte Cassino during World War II , which resulted in huge Allied and German casualties as well as the near total destruction of the town itself.
Completed by his son Jean-Dominique, Cassini IV and published by the Académie des Sciences from 1744 to 1793, its 180 plates are known as the Cassini map. The post of director of the Paris Observatory was created for his benefit in 1771 when the establishment ceased to be a dependency of the French Academy of Sciences. [ 5 ]
It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Cassini IV) in the 1700s. It was on a scale of one line to 100 toises, i.e. 1/86,400. The map was, for the time, a real innovation and a decisive technical advance. It is the first map to be based on a geodesic triangulation ...
The evolution of land use in the commune and its infrastructure can be seen on the various cartographic representations of the area: the Cassini map (18th century), the staff map (1820-1866) and the IGN maps or aerial photos for the current period (1950 to the present).
Giovanni Domenico Cassini was also the first of his family to begin work on the project of creating a topographic map of France. In addition, Cassini also created the first scientific map of the moon. [6] The Cassini space probe, launched in 1997, was named after him and became the fourth to visit Saturn and the first to orbit it.
Hand-drawn map of one side of the Valley of Vesdre by French geographers (led by the Cassini family) from 1745 to 1748. In France, the first general maps of the territory using a measuring apparatus were made by the Cassini family during the 18th century on a scale of 1:86,400 (one centimeter on the chart corresponds to approximately 864 meters on the ground).
Cassini map (18th century) showing the Cézallier mountain. In fact, popular usage knew neither the Cézallier nor the Luguet region. It was cartographers and geographers who extended the name Cézallier, making it a massif, whereas traditionally it was a summit.
For his last few years he took up cartography, working with his son, Cassini de Thury or Cassini III, to create a new French map. This map was known as the Carte de Cassini, and was to be a very accurate map of France. Jacques Cassini's work on the ballistic pendulum has been a topic of controversy among historians of science. [4]