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The Free Papua Movement or Free Papua Organization (Indonesian: Organisasi Papua Merdeka, OPM) is a name given to a separatist movement that aims to separate West Papua from Indonesia and establish an independent state in the region.
Subsequent to the withdrawal of the Dutch administration from the Netherlands New Guinea in 1962 [19] and implementation of Indonesian administration in 1963, [20] the Free Papua Movement has conducted a low-intensity guerrilla war against Indonesia by targeting its military and police, [21] along with ordinary Indonesian civilians.
Multiple terms have been proposed to describe the native inhabitants of Eastern Indonesia.“Papuans” (Indonesian: Orang Papua) is the preferred term (especially in Indonesian and English) for inhabitants of New Guinea, since it is based on actual native nomenclature used by as recorded in several ancient native evidences.
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In 1996, Prabowo Subianto led Operation Mapenduma in the mountainous terrain of Papua. The goal of the operation was the release of 11 scientific researchers who had been taken hostage by the Free Papua Movement (OPM). The researchers were five Indonesians, four Britons, one Dutchman and his pregnant German wife.
Chinese Indonesians (Indonesian: Orang Tionghoa Indonesia), or simply Orang Tionghoa or Tionghoa, [7] are Indonesians whose ancestors arrived from China at some stage in the last eight centuries. Chinese Indonesians are the fourth largest community of Overseas Chinese in the world after Thailand, Malaysia, and the United States.
There were also roughly 100 Chinese in Papua; however, movement between New Guinea and the Papua area was restricted, so the community there remained small. [10] [12] A 1933 survey found just five Chinese in Papua; Filipinos formed the dominant Asian group, with a population of 88.
In 2002, Papua adopted its current name and was granted a special autonomous status under Indonesian legislation. Papua is a province rich in natural resources and cultural diversity, offering great potential for future development. As of 2020, Papua had a GDP per capita of Rp 56.1 million (US$ 3,970), placing it 11th among Indonesian provinces ...