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Local government in New Jersey is composed of counties and municipalities. Local jurisdictions in New Jersey differ from those in some other states because the entire area of the state is part of a municipality; each of the 564 municipalities is in exactly one county; and each of the 21 counties has more than one municipality.
As of 2024, New Jersey is divided into 21 counties and contains 564 [2] municipalities consisting of five types: 253 boroughs, 52 cities, 15 towns, 240 townships, and four villages. The largest municipality by population in New Jersey is Newark, with 311,549 residents, whereas the smallest is Walpack Township, with seven residents. [3]
Among New Jersey's 564 municipalities, the borough is the most common form of local government, though the majority of state residents actually reside in townships. In 2023 there were 253 boroughs in New Jersey. [2] However, boroughs were not always so common. In 1875 only 17 boroughs had been created, all by special acts of the legislature.
The township form of local government is used by 27% of New Jersey municipalities; however, slightly over 50% of the state's population resides within them. Townships in New Jersey differ from townships elsewhere in the United States. In many states, townships can be an intermediate form of government, between county government and ...
A village, in the context of New Jersey local government, is one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government. The Village Act of 1891 defined the form of government to consist of a five-member board of trustees to be elected to three-year staggered terms. One member serves as president, one member serves as treasurer.
A city in the context of local government in New Jersey refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government. Despite the widely held perception of a city as a large, urban area, cities in New Jersey have a confused history as a form of government and vary in size from large, densely populated areas to much smaller hamlets.
The Town Act of 1895 allowed any municipality or area with a population exceeding 5,000 to become a town through a petition and referendum process. Under the 1895 act, a newly incorporated town was divided into at least three wards, with two councilmen per ward serving staggered two-year terms, and one councilman at large, who also served a two ...
This category includes New Jersey municipalities governed under the Township form of government.Municipalities using the "Township" type of government may use the township form, or the other modern forms available under the 1923 Municipal Manager Law, Walsh Act, the variations of the Faulkner Act or operate under a Special Charter granted by the New Jersey Legislature.