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Porosimetry is an analytical technique used to determine various quantifiable aspects of a material's porous structure, such as pore diameter, total pore volume, surface area, and bulk and absolute densities. The technique involves the intrusion of a non-wetting liquid (often mercury) at high pressure into a material through the use of a ...
In mercury porosimetry, the mercury is forced into the aerogel porous system to determine the pores' size, but this method is highly inefficient since the solid frame of aerogel will collapse from the high compressive force. The scattering method involves the angle-dependent deflection of radiation within the aerogel sample.
Mercury porosimetry determines the pore size distribution and quantifies the associated incursion amount by applying pressure to the non-wetting mercury. The pore size may be readily estimated using this method and ranges from a few nm to 1000 m.
Water evaporation method (pore volume = (weight of saturated sample − weight of dried sample)/density of water) Mercury intrusion porosimetry (several non-mercury intrusion techniques have been developed due to toxicological concerns, and the fact that mercury tends to form amalgams with several metals and alloys). Gas expansion method. [6]
In capillary flow porometry, in opposition to mercury intrusion porosimetry, the wetting liquid enters spontaneously the pores of the sample ensuring a total wetting of the material, and therefore the contact angle of the wetting liquid with the sample is 0 and the previous formula can be simplified as: P= 4*γ/D.
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Another method of determining the pore size distribution is by using a procedure known as Mercury Injection Porosimetry. This uses the volume of mercury taken up by the solid as the pressure increases to create the same isotherms mentioned above. An application where pore size is beneficial is in regards to oil recovery. [13]
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