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  2. Scale (map) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_(map)

    The terms are sometimes used in the absolute sense of the table, but other times in a relative sense. For example, a map reader whose work refers solely to large-scale maps (as tabulated above) might refer to a map at 1:500,000 as small-scale. In the English language, the word large-scale is often used to mean

  3. Bioregion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioregion

    Bioregions became a foundational concept within the philosophical system called Bioregionalism.A key difference between an ecoregions and biogeography and the term bioregion, is that while ecoregions are based on general biophysical and ecosystem data, human settlement and cultural patterns play a key role for how a bioregion is defined.

  4. Epistasis and functional genomics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistasis_and_functional...

    An E-MAP collates data generated from the systematic generation of double mutant strains for a large clearly defined group of genes. Each phenotypic response is quantified by imaging colony size to determine growth rate. This fitness score is compared to the predicted fitness for each single mutant, resulting in a genetic interaction score.

  5. Bioinformatics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinformatics

    Map of the human X chromosome (from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website) Bioinformatics (/ ˌ b aɪ. oʊ ˌ ɪ n f ər ˈ m æ t ɪ k s / ⓘ) is an interdisciplinary field of science that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data, especially when the data

  6. Long-range restriction mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-range_restriction_mapping

    Long-range restriction mapping is an alternative genomic mapping technique to short-range, also called fine-scale mapping. Both forms utilize restriction enzymes in order to decipher the previously unknown order of DNA segments; the main difference between the two being the amount of DNA that comprises the final map.

  7. Biogeography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogeography

    De Candolle was the first to describe the differences between the small-scale and large-scale distribution patterns of organisms around the globe. [10] Several additional scientists contributed new theories to further develop the concept of biogeography. Charles Lyell developed the Theory of Uniformitarianism after studying fossils.

  8. Gene mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_mapping

    There are two distinctive mapping approaches used in the field of genome mapping: genetic maps (also known as linkage maps) [7] and physical maps. [3] While both maps are a collection of genetic markers and gene loci, [8] genetic maps' distances are based on the genetic linkage information, while physical maps use actual physical distances usually measured in number of base pairs.

  9. Transverse Mercator projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_Mercator_projection

    Scale at an angular distance of 5° (in longitude) away from the central meridian is less than 0.4% greater than scale at the central meridian, and is about 1.54% at an angular distance of 10°. In the secant version the scale is reduced on the equator and it is true on two lines parallel to the projected equator (and corresponding to two ...