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On 7 September 1945, General Douglas MacArthur issued Proclamation No. 1 to the people of Korea, announcing U.S. military control over Korea south of the 38th parallel and establishing English as the official language during military control. [34] That same day, he announced that Lieutenant General John R. Hodge was to administer Korean affairs.
The 38th parallel north formed the border between North and South Korea prior to the Korean War. At this latitude, the Sun is visible for 14 hours, 48 minutes during the summer solstice and 9 hours, 32 minutes during the winter solstice .
The Korean Demilitarized Zone intersects but does not follow the 38th parallel north, which was the border before the Korean War. It crosses the parallel on an angle, with the west end of the DMZ lying south of the parallel and the east end lying north of it. The DMZ is 250 km (160 mi) long, [1] approximately 4 km (2.5 mi) wide.
Korea was divided at the 38th parallel in 1945 with the separation of the sovereign states of North Korea and South Korea in 1948; Establishment of the Military Demarcation Line as the border from 1953 to present. Korean Demilitarized Zone established in 1953
38th parallel north, a circle of latitude in the Northern Hemisphere This line of latitude was used as the pre-Korean War boundary between North Korea and South Korea; see Division of Korea; The term may also refer to the current border between the Koreas, the Korean Demilitarized Zone; 38th parallel south, a circle of latitude in the Southern ...
The UN offensive into North Korea was a large-scale offensive in late 1950 by United Nations (UN) forces against North Korean forces during the Korean War. On 27 September near Osan , UN forces coming from Inchon linked up with UN forces that had broken out of the Pusan Perimeter and began a general counteroffensive .
In the wake of the UN forces' successful landing at Inchon, the breakout from the Pusan Perimeter and the subsequent destruction of the Korean People's Army (KPA) during September 1950, the Eighth United States Army crossed the 38th Parallel and advanced rapidly towards the Sino-Korean border. [12]
At the end of World War II, the Korean Peninsula, which up to that point had been occupied by the Empire of Japan, was divided along the 38th parallel north. [3] The Soviet Union (USSR) had moved forces into the northern half of the country, overseeing its establishment as the communist Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) under Kim Il Sung, a figure who had previously risen to ...