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  2. Human nutrition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nutrition

    Water and fiber are macronutrients, but do not provide energy. The micronutrients are minerals and vitamins. [7] The macronutrients (excluding fiber and water) provide structural material (amino acids from which proteins are built, and lipids from which cell membranes and some signaling molecules are built), and energy.

  3. Vitamin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin

    In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption. [47]

  4. Composition of the human body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition_of_the_human_body

    The adult human body averages ~53% water. [7] This varies substantially by age, sex, and adiposity. In a large sample of adults of all ages and both sexes, the figure for water fraction by weight was found to be 48 ±6% for females and 58 ±8% water for males. [8]

  5. Nutrient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient

    Because the body does not manufacture certain fatty acids (termed essential fatty acids), they must be obtained through one's diet. Ethanol is not an essential nutrient, but it does provide calories. The United States Department of Agriculture uses a figure of 6.93 kilocalories (29.0 kJ) per gram of alcohol (5.47 kcal or 22.9 kJ per ml ) for ...

  6. Vitamin B12 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12

    Vitamin B 12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism. [2] It is one of eight B vitamins . It is required by animals, which use it as a cofactor in DNA synthesis , and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism . [ 3 ]

  7. Vitamin D - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D

    While some studies have found that vitamin D 3 raises 25(OH)D blood levels faster and remains active in the body longer, [44] [45] others contend that vitamin D 2 sources are equally bioavailable and effective for raising and sustaining 25(OH)D. [46] [47] If digestive disorders compromise absorption, then intramuscular injection of up to ...

  8. Nutrition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrition

    Carbohydrates are broken down to produce glucose and short-chain fatty acids, and they are the most abundant nutrients for herbivorous land animals. [29] Carbohydrates contain 4 calories per gram. Lipids provide animals with fats and oils. They are not soluble in water, and they can store energy for an extended period of time.

  9. Vitamin B6 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B6

    Vitamin B 6 Drug class Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the metabolically active form of vitamin B 6 Class identifiers Use Vitamin B 6 deficiency ATC code A11H Biological target enzyme cofactor Clinical data Drugs.com International Drug Names External links MeSH D025101 Legal status In Wikidata Vitamin B 6 is one of the B vitamins, and is an essential nutrient for humans. The term essential nutrient ...

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