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  2. Issue-based information system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issue-based_information_system

    Since the problem observed by a designer can always be treated as merely a symptom of another higher-level problem, the argumentative approach also increases the likelihood that someone will attempt to attack the problem from this point of view. Another desirable characteristic of the Issue-Based Information System is that it helps to make the ...

  3. Problem solving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving

    Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Problems in need of solutions range from simple personal tasks (e.g. how to turn on an appliance) to complex issues in business and technical fields.

  4. Situational theory of problem solving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situational_theory_of...

    The situational theory of problem solving attempts to explain why and how an individual communicates during a problematic situation. The situational theory of problem solving (STOPS) was proposed by Jeong-Nam Kim and James E. Grunig in 2011 though their article “problem solving and communicative action: A situational theory of problem solving.”

  5. Human-centered design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human-centered_design

    Human-centered design has its origins at the intersection of numerous fields including engineering, psychology, anthropology and the arts. As an approach to creative problem-solving in technical and business fields its origins are often traced to the founding of the Stanford University design program in 1958 by Professor John E. Arnold who first proposed the idea that engineering design should ...

  6. Trial and error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_and_error

    This approach can be seen as one of the two basic approaches to problem-solving, contrasted with an approach using insight and theory. However, there are intermediate methods that, for example, use theory to guide the method, an approach known as guided empiricism. [citation needed]

  7. Problem structuring methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_structuring_methods

    An early literature review of problem structuring proposed grouping the texts reviewed into "four streams of thought" that describe some major differences between methods: [21] the checklist stream, which is step-by-step technical problem solving (not problem structuring as it came to be defined in PSMs, so this stream does not apply to PSMs),

  8. MECE principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MECE_principle

    The MECE principle has been used in the business mapping process wherein the optimum arrangement of information is exhaustive and does not double count at any level of the hierarchy. Examples of MECE arrangements include categorizing people by year of birth (assuming all years are known), apartments by their building number, letters by postmark ...

  9. Collaborative method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_method

    Spence states [1] that communication is composed of the following: 52% based on body language; 37% based on the tone of voice; 11% based on words; In collaborative groups, two styles of communication are likely to be found: [citation needed] Indirect communicators are typically persons who use intuitive means to understand the needs and desires ...