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List of Antiviral Drugs Antiviral Use Manufacturer Component Type Year approved Abacavir: HIV: ViiV Healthcare: Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) 1998 Acyclovir (Aciclovir) Herpes Simplex, chickenpox, [2] varicella zoster virus: GSK: guanosine analogue RTI 1981 Adefovir: Hepatitis B [3] Gilead Sciences RTI 2002 , 2003 ...
Most of the antiviral drugs now available are designed to help deal with HIV, herpes viruses, the hepatitis B and C viruses, and influenza A and B viruses. [6] Viruses use the host's cells to replicate and this makes it difficult to find targets for the drug that would interfere with the virus without also harming the host organism's cells.
A drug combination targeting SARS-CoV-2, Paxlovid, was approved in December 2021 to treat COVID-19. [12] It is a combination of nirmatrelvir , a protease inhibitor targeted to the SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease , and ritonavir, which inhibits the metabolism of nirmatrelvir, thereby prolonging its effect.
This conditional early approval system has previously been used in Japan to accelerate the progression to market of other antiviral drugs targeting COVID-19, including remdesivir and molnupiravir. [13] In a study of 428 patients, viral load was reduced, but symptoms were not significantly reduced. [14]
With the extension of the emergency authorization in August 2022, the FDA updated a checklist to help evaluate potential drug interactions and other patient factors before prescribing Paxlovid, including more than 120 drugs that are contraindicated, should be avoided or held from use, or require dose adjustments or special monitoring.
BSAs work by inhibiting viral proteins (such as polymerases and proteases) or by targeting host cell factors and processes exploited by different viruses during infection. [1] As of 2021, there are 150 known BSAs in varying stages of development, effective against 78 human viruses. [ 2 ]
The drug, suzetrigine, received the FDA's official stamp of approval Thursday to be sold as a 50-milligram prescription pill taken every 12 hours, according to a press release.
Molnupiravir was developed at Emory University by its drug innovation company, Drug Innovation Ventures at Emory (DRIVE). [17] In 2014, DRIVE began a screening project funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency to find an antiviral drug targeting Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), which led to the discovery of EIDD-1931.
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