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  2. Famine, Affluence, and Morality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famine,_Affluence,_and...

    Peter Singer. " Famine, Affluence, and Morality " is an essay written by Peter Singer in 1971 and published in Philosophy & Public Affairs in 1972. It argues that affluent persons are morally obligated to donate far more resources to humanitarian causes than is considered normal in Western cultures. The essay was inspired by the starvation of ...

  3. Civil Disobedience (Thoreau) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Disobedience_(Thoreau)

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 12 June 2024. 1849 essay by Henry David Thoreau Civil Disobedience First page of "Resistance to Civil Government" as published in Aesthetic Papers, in 1849. Author Henry David Thoreau Language English Publication place United States Media type Print Text Civil Disobedience at Wikisource This article is ...

  4. Philosophical Inquiries into the Essence of Human Freedom

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_Inquiries...

    352-355 The real conception of freedom is the possibility of good and evil. 356-357 Critique of the abstract conception of God; Naturphilosophie. 357-358 Ground of God and light. 359-366 Critique of immanence. 366-373 Conception of evil according to Baader. 373-376 Evil is necessary for God's revelation; exegesis of "matter" in Plato.

  5. Master–slave morality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master–slave_morality

    Master–slave morality (German: Herren- und Sklavenmoral) is a central theme of Friedrich Nietzsche 's works, particularly in the first essay of his book On the Genealogy of Morality. Nietzsche argues that there are two fundamental types of morality: "master morality" and "slave morality", which correspond, respectively, to the dichotomies of ...

  6. Alvin Plantinga's free-will defense - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_Plantinga's_free-will...

    Plantinga's argument is a defense against the logical problem of evil as formulated by the philosopher J. L. Mackie beginning in 1955. [2][3] Mackie's formulation of the logical problem of evil argued that three attributes ascribed to God (omniscience, omnipotence, and omnibenevolence) are logically incompatible with the existence of evil.

  7. Evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil

    Evil, by one definition, is being bad and acting out morally incorrect behavior; or it is the condition of causing unnecessary pain and suffering, thus containing a net negative on the world. [1] Evil is commonly seen as the opposite, or sometimes absence, of good. It can be an extremely broad concept, although in everyday usage it is often ...

  8. Criticism of Christianity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Christianity

    Criticism of Christianity has a long history which stretches back to the initial formation of the religion in the Roman Empire. Critics have challenged Christian beliefs and teachings as well as Christian actions, from the Crusades to modern terrorism. The arguments against Christianity include the suppositions that it is a faith of violence ...

  9. Absence of good - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absence_of_good

    The absence of good (Latin: privatio boni), also known as the privation theory of evil, [1] is a theological and philosophical doctrine that evil, unlike good, is insubstantial, so that thinking of it as an entity is misleading. Instead, evil is rather the absence, or lack ("privation"), of good. [2][3][4] This also means that everything that ...