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A circadian rhythm (/ s ər ˈ k eɪ d i ə n /), or circadian cycle, is a natural oscillation that repeats roughly every 24 hours. Circadian rhythms can refer to any process that originates within an organism (i.e., endogenous ) and responds to the environment (is entrained by the environment).
The best studied rhythm in chronobiology is the circadian rhythm, a roughly 24-hour cycle shown by physiological processes in all these organisms.The term circadian comes from the Latin circa, meaning "around" and dies, "day", meaning "approximately a day."
In vertebrates, the master circadian clock is contained within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a bilateral nerve cluster of about 20,000 neurons. [10] [11] The SCN itself is located in the hypothalamus, a small region of the brain situated directly above the optic chiasm, where it receives input from specialized photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina via the retinohypothalamic tract.
Overview, including some physiological parameters, of the human circadian rhythm ("biological clock"). Chronobiology is a field of biology that examines timing processes, including periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms, such as their adaptation to solar- and lunar-related rhythms. [1] These cycles are known as biological rhythms.
In chronobiology, photoentrainment refers to the process by which an organism's biological clock, or circadian rhythm, synchronizes to daily cycles of light and dark in the environment. The mechanisms of photoentrainment differ from organism to organism. [ 1 ]
Ageing, biological program that limits the lifespan of an individual; Biological rhythms; Internal clock, the timeframe sensed by the individual's body which is largely affected by the light-dark cycle; Circadian clock, a molecular mechanism that results in a circadian rhythm in a living organism
Light effects on circadian rhythm are the response of circadian rhythms to light. Most animals and other organisms have a biological clock that synchronizes their physiology and behaviour with the daily changes in the environment. The physiological changes that follow these clocks are known as circadian rhythms.
Any biological process in the body that repeats itself over a period of approximately 24 hours and maintains this rhythm in the absence of external stimuli is considered a circadian rhythm. [4] It is believed that the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), or internal pacemaker, is responsible for regulating the body's biological rhythms ...