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3-Hydroxyisonicotinaldehyde (HINA), also known as 3-hydroxypyridine-4-carboxaldehyde, is a derivative of pyridine, with hydroxyl and aldehyde substituents. It has been studied as a simple analogue of vitamin B 6. In 2020, it was reported as having the lowest molecular weight of all dyes which exhibit green fluorescence. [2] [3]
3-Hydroxy picolinic acid is a picolinic acid derivative and is a member of the pyridine family. It is used as a matrix for nucleotides in MALDI mass spectrometry analyses [ 1 ] and the synthesis of favipiravir .
The 5 substrates of this enzyme are 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-5-carboxylate, NADH, NADPH, H +, and O 2, whereas its 3 products are 2-(acetamidomethylene)succinate, NAD +, and NADP +. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases , specifically those acting on paired donors, with O 2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen.
In 1989, 26,000 tonnes of pyridine was produced worldwide. Other major derivatives are 2-, 3-, 4-methylpyridines and 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine. The combined scale of these alkylpyridines matches that of pyridine itself. [2] Among the largest 25 production sites for pyridine, eleven are located in Europe (as of 1999). [24]
Isonicotinic acid or pyridine-4-carboxylic acid is an organic compound with the formula C 5 H 4 N(CO 2 H). It is a derivative of pyridine with a carboxylic acid substituent at the 4-position. It is an isomer of picolinic acid and nicotinic acid , which have the carboxyl group at the 2- and 3-position respectively compared to the 4-position for ...
It is an electrophilic source of oxygen that reacts with enolates and related structures, and thus can be used for alpha-hydroxylation of carbonyl-containing compounds. [3] Other reagents used for alpha-hydroxylation via enol or enolate structures include Davis oxaziridine , oxygen , and various peroxyacids (see Rubottom oxidation ).
β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, is an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathways. It is formed from acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA by HMG-CoA synthase. The research of Minor J. Coon and Bimal Kumar Bachhawat in the 1950s at University of Illinois led to its discovery ...
The proposed intermediates, 1, 5-dicarbonyl compound 3, have not been isolated. [2] Since its discovery, the Kröhnke synthesis has enjoyed broad applicability to the preparation of di-,tri- and tetrapyridine derivatives, demonstrating a number of advantages over related reactions such as the Hantzsch pyridine synthesis .