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The projection is the arithmetic mean of the equirectangular projection and the Aitoff projection: [2] The name tripel (German for 'triple') refers to Winkel's goal of minimizing three kinds of distortion: area, direction, and distance. [3]
Formulated by using other equal-area map projections as transformations. 1921 Winkel tripel: Pseudoazimuthal Compromise Oswald Winkel: Arithmetic mean of the equirectangular projection and the Aitoff projection. Standard world projection for the NGS since 1998. 1904 Van der Grinten: Pseudoconic Compromise Alphons J. van der Grinten: Boundary is ...
Winkel I and II are pseudocylindrical projections, while Winkel III is an azimuthal projection. Of these three variants, the Winkel tripel projection is the most widely known. See also
The Robinson projection was adopted by National Geographic magazine in 1988 but abandoned by them in about 1997 for the Winkel tripel. Compromise projections give up the idea of perfectly preserving metric properties, seeking instead to strike a balance between distortions, or to simply make things look right.
The Winkel tripel projection with Tissot's indicatrix of deformation. Background. QGIS display your data using the projection you tell it to use. By default, the lat/long projection (= Equirectangular projection, example aside) is used, code: WGS84 lat/lon (EPSG:4326). This projection is the most convenient for georeferencing, but imply strong ...
The National Geographic Society (NGS) began using the Robinson projection for general-purpose world maps in 1988, replacing the Van der Grinten projection. [2] In 1998, NGS abandoned the Robinson projection for that use in favor of the Winkel tripel projection, as the latter "reduces the distortion of land masses as they near the poles". [3] [4]
The Winkel tripel projection with Tissot's indicatrix of deformation. Consider a small circle on the surface of the Earth centred at a point P at latitude and longitude . Since the point scale varies with position and direction the projection of the circle on the projection will be distorted.
Given that every projection gives deformations, each country's needs are different in order to reduce these distortions. These national projections, or national Coordinate Reference Systems are officially announced by the relevant national agencies. The list below is a collection of available official national projected Coordinate Reference ...