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The general definition of a qubit as the quantum state of a two-level quantum system.In quantum computing, a qubit (/ ˈ k juː b ɪ t /) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device.
The purpose of quantum computing focuses on building an information theory with the features of quantum mechanics: instead of encoding a binary unit of information (), which can be switched to 1 or 0, a quantum binary unit of information (qubit) can simultaneously turn to be 0 and 1 at the same time, thanks to the phenomenon called superposition.
[1] [2] A logical qubit is a physical or abstract qubit that performs as specified in a quantum algorithm or quantum circuit [3] subject to unitary transformations, has a long enough coherence time to be usable by quantum logic gates (c.f. propagation delay for classical logic gates). [1] [4] [5]
A 5-qubit code is the smallest possible code that protects a single logical qubit against single-qubit errors. A generalisation of the technique used by Steane , to develop the 7-qubit code from the classical [7, 4] Hamming code , led to the construction of an important class of codes called the CSS codes , named for their inventors: Robert ...
99.944 (1 qubit max) 98.25 (2 qubits median) 99.1 (2 qubits max) 20 October 9, 2023 [33] 16 [34] M Squared Lasers: Maxwell Neutral atoms in optical lattices 99.5 (3-qubit gate), 99.1 (4-qubit gate) [35] 200 [36] November 2022: Oxford Quantum Circuits Lucy [37] Superconducting 8 2022: Oxford Quantum Circuits OQC Toshiko [38] Superconducting 32 ...
Common quantum logic gates by name (including abbreviation), circuit form(s) and the corresponding unitary matrices. In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.
The quantum volume benchmark defines a family of square circuits, whose number of qubits N and depth d are the same. Therefore, the output of this benchmark is a single number.
A reversible gate is a reversible function on n-bit data that returns n-bit data, where an n-bit data is a string of bits x 1,x 2, ...,x n of length n. The set of n-bit data is the space {0,1} n, which consists of 2 n strings of 0's and 1's. More precisely: an n-bit reversible gate is a bijective mapping f from the set {0,1} n of n-bit