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These powder measures typically use gravity feed from a hopper of powder above an adjustable cavity in a rotating cylinder. [3] A lever rotates the cylinder so the cavity moves between an upward position where powder can drain from the hopper into the cavity, and a lower position where the powder can drain from the cavity into an empty ...
Grains are used worldwide for measuring gunpowder and smokeless powder charges. Historically, the dram (27 + 11 ⁄ 32 grains; not to be mixed up with the apothecaries' dram of 60 grains) has also been used worldwide for measuring gunpowder charges, particularly for shotguns and large black-powder rifles.
C-6–C-7 The dram apothecaries is equal to 3 scruples (s ap or ℈) or 60 grains (gr), [5]: C-7 or exactly 3.887 9346 grams. [5]: C-14 "Dram" is also used as a measure of the powder charge in a shotgun shell, representing the equivalent of black powder in drams avoirdupois. [16]
Black powder substitutes are measured by volumetric measurement techniques, not in grains on a scale, due to the difference in density compared to black powder. For example, to measure a "60 grain equivalent" of black powder substitute suitable for use in a muzzleloader rifle, one uses a volumetric measure that produces a volume of black powder ...
Grains are commonly used to measure the mass of bullets and propellants. [11] [12] In archery, the grain is the standard unit used to weigh arrows. [13] In North America, the hardness of water is often measured in grains per U.S. gallon (gpg) of calcium carbonate equivalents.
For example, the .50-90 Sharps has a .50-inch bore and used a nominal charge of 90.0 grains (5.83 g) of black powder. Many such cartridges were designated by a three-number system (e.g., 45–120–3 1 ⁄ 4 Sharps: 45-caliber bore, 120 grains of (black) powder, 3 1 ⁄ 4-inch long case). Other times, a similar three-number system indicated ...
Gunpowder is a low explosive: it does not detonate, but rather deflagrates (burns quickly). This is an advantage in a propellant device, where one does not desire a shock that would shatter the gun and potentially harm the operator; however, it is a drawback when an explosion is desired.
Smokeless powder is a type of propellant used in firearms and artillery that produces less smoke and less fouling when fired compared to black powder. Because of their similar use, both the original black powder formulation and the smokeless propellant which replaced it are commonly described as gunpowder .
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