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Saline solution for irrigation. Normal saline (NSS, NS or N/S) is the commonly used phrase for a solution of 0.90% w/v of NaCl, 308 mOsm/L or 9.0 g per liter. Less commonly, this solution is referred to as physiological saline or isotonic saline (because it is approximately isotonic to blood serum, which makes it a physiologically normal solution).
Saline sprays are typically non medicated. A mist of saline solution containing sodium chloride is delivered to help moisturize dry or irritated nostrils. This is a form of nasal irrigation. They can also relieve nasal congestion and remove airborne irritants such as pollen and dust thereby providing sinus allergy relief.
Adverse effects include nasal irritation, nosebleeds, headache, and drainage after the irrigation is done. It is generally well tolerated. [2] There is a risk of infection if the water is not sterile or the device is not cleaned after use. If the device is used improperly this can be harmful. [4]
Side effects may include allergic reactions, high blood potassium, hypervolemia, and high blood calcium. [2] It may not be suitable for mixing with certain medications and some recommend against use in the same infusion as a blood transfusion. [4] Ringer's lactate solution has a lower rate of acidosis as compared with normal saline.
Eyewash is a fluid, commonly saline, used to physically wash the eyes in the case that they may be contaminated by foreign materials or substances. Eyewashes may be beneficial to those with sensitive eyes and can provide relief to the painful side effects of sensitivity.
Side effects may include irritation of the vein in which it is given, high blood sugar, and swelling. [2] [3] Excess use may result in low blood sodium and other electrolyte problems. [2] Intravenous sugar solutions are in the crystalloid family of medications. [4] They come in a number of strengths including 5%, 10%, and 50% dextrose. [2]
The most commonly used crystalloid fluid is normal saline, a solution of sodium chloride at 0.9% concentration, which is close to the concentration in the blood . [3] Ringer's lactate or Ringer's acetate is another isotonic solution often used for large-volume fluid replacement. The choice of fluids may also depend on the chemical properties of ...
Washed red blood cells are red blood cells that have had most of the plasma, platelets and white blood cells removed and replaced with saline or another type of preservation solution. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The most common reason for using washed red blood cells in transfusion medicine is to prevent the recurrence of severe allergic transfusion reactions ...
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